关键词: 冰雹, 时空分布, 环流形势, 中尺度, 物理量, 锦州地区

Abstract: Based on the conventional data, the hail processes in Jinzhou during the past 2006-2015 years were analyzed in detail from three aspects, which were the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, the circulation features and the physical quantity characteristics. The results showed that the interannual variation of hail days in Jinzhou showed a decreasing trend, and the monthly distribution showed bimodal type; The diurnal variation of hail was very obvious, mostly from noon to dusk. Hail duration was short, and local features was strong, and there were obvious regional differences. Large scale circulation background of hail was divided into cold vortex behind trough and ahead of trough. After trough hail more affected by the northeast cold vortex, the high and low air were controlled by the northwest air current, and the cold advection behind the vortex triggers the strong convection weather. The front trough hail was mostly affected by the Mongolia vortex, the increase of temperature and humidity of 850 hPa was obvious, and the ascending motion before the low trough also provided favorable conditions for the occurrence of strong convection, and short wave trough sliding or weak cold air intrusion triggered unstable energy release. The key contents of strong weather analysis of different circulations were analyzed, and the hail fall area was determined. 15 physical indexes were selected to analyze the physical characteristics of hail in terms of power, heat, water vapor and so on, physical value of hail weather in Jinzhou was determined.

Key words: hail, temporal and spatial distribution, circulation situation, mesoscale, physical quantity, Jinzhou