葫芦素B的药理作用及其机制研究进展

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.12.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对葫芦素B(Cucurbitacin B, CucB)的生物活性及作用机制研究进展进行综述。研究表明,CucB具有显著的抗肿瘤作用,可通过调控JAK2/STAT3、PI3K/AKT、MAPK/ERK及铁死亡等多条信号通路,有效抑制肝癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、胃肠癌等多种肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移与侵袭,并诱导细胞周期阻滞、凋亡及自噬。在抗炎方面,CucB能够抑制NLRP3炎症小体活化,下调NF-κB等关键通路,减轻多种炎症模型的组织损伤。此外,CucB表现出肝保护活性,可通过调节氧化应激、抑制炎症反应及调控SIRT1/IGFBPrP1/TGF-β1等轴改善肝纤维化。其在缓解银屑病方面的潜力也获研究支持,机制涉及抑制cGAS-STING、JAK-STAT等信号通路。还总结了CucB在调控自噬、抑制白血病与骨肉瘤、保护血管内皮及潜在神经毒性等方面的其他作用。

关键词: 葫芦素B(Cucurbitacin B, CucB), 药理作用, 作用机制

Abstract: The research progress on the biological activities and mechanisms of action of cucurbitacin B (CucB) was reviewed. Studies showed that CucB possessed significant antitumor effects. It was found to regulate multiple signaling pathways, including JAK2/STAT3, PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK, and ferroptosis, thereby effectively inhibiting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of various tumor cells (such as those from liver, lung, breast, and gastrointestinal cancers) and inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. In terms of anti-inflammatory effects, CucB could inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and downregulate key pathways like NF-êB, thus alleviating tissue damage in multiple inflammatory models. Furthermore, CucB demonstrated hepatoprotective activity and was shown to ameliorate liver fibrosis through modulating oxidative stress, suppressing inflammatory responses, and regulating axes such as SIRT1/IGFBPrP1/TGF-â; 1. Its potential in alleviating psoriasis was also supported by research, with mechanisms involving the inhibition of pathways such as cGAS-STING and JAK-STAT. Other effects of CucB, including its role in regulating autophagy, suppressing leukemia and osteosarcoma, protecting vascular endothelium, and exhibiting potential neurotoxicity, were also summarized.

Key words: cucurbitacin B(CucB), pharmacological activities, mechanism of action

中图分类号:

潘小芳, 高梅菲, 陈睿, 霍丽妮, 朱海滨. 葫芦素B的药理作用及其机制研究进展[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(12): 137-145.

PAN Xiao-fang, GAO Mei-fei, CHEN Rui, HUO Li-ni, ZHU Hai-bin. Research progress on the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of cucurbitacin B[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(12): 137-145.

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