追施有机无机复混肥对三种菜油兼用型油菜品种菜薹和菜子产量及品质的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.12.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究追施有机无机复混肥对菜油兼用型油菜菜薹和菜子产量及品质的作用效果,以湖北省主栽菜油兼用型油菜品种华油杂62（C₁）、中油杂501（C₂）、中油杂19（C₃）为研究对象,设置3个有机无机复混肥追肥处理[0 (Z₁,不追肥)、225 kg/hm²(Z₂)、450 kg/hm²(Z₃)],考察追施有机无机复混肥对菜油兼用型油菜菜薹和菜子产量及品质的影响。结果表明,追施有机无机复混肥的菜薹和菜子产量比不追肥均显著提高,其中,除中油杂501和中油杂19的菜薹产量外,其他品种菜薹和菜子产量在追肥量为450 kg/hm²与追肥量为225 kg/hm²间无显著差异。与不追肥相比,追施有机无机复混肥后菜薹的可溶性糖含量、蔗糖含量、维生素C含量均增加;随追肥量增加,菜薹的维生素E和氨基酸含量均呈先增加后减少的趋势。追施有机无机复混肥后,菜子中的蛋白质含量和芥酸含量下降,含油量、硫甙葡萄苷含量、油酸含量增加。综合考虑菜薹和菜子的产量及品质指标,3种菜油兼用型油菜的有机无机复混肥最适追肥量均为225 kg/hm²。

关键词: 菜油兼用型油菜, 菜薹, 菜子, 有机无机复混肥, 追肥量, 产量, 品质

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of topdressing organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on the yield and quality of flowering Chinese cabbage and rapeseed, the main rape varieties Huayouza 62 (C₁), Zhongyouza 501 (C₂) and Zhongyouza 19 (C₃) in Hubei Province were used as the research objects, and three topdressing treatments of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer [0 (Z₁, no topdressing), 225 kg/hm; ² (Z₂), 450 kg/hm; ² (Z₃)] were set up. The effects of topdressing organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on the yield and quality of flowering Chinese cabbage and rapeseed were studied. The results showed that the yield of flowering Chinese cabbage and rapeseed with topdressing organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was significantly higher than that without topdressing. Among them, except for the yield of flowering Chinese cabbage of Zhongyouza 501 and Zhongyouza 19, there was no significant difference in the yield of flowering Chinese cabbage and rapeseed between the topdressing amount of 450 kg/hm; ² and the topdressing amount of 225 kg/hm; ². Compared with no topdressing, the soluble sugar content, sucrose content and vitamin C content of flowering Chinese cabbage increased after topdressing organic-inorganic compound fertilizer. With the increase of topdressing amount, the contents of vitamin E and amino acids in flowering Chinese cabbage increased first and then decreased. After topdressing organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, the protein content and erucic acid content in rapeseed decreased, and the oil content, glucosinolate content and oleic acid content increased. Considering the yield and quality indexes of flowering Chinese cabbage and rapeseed, the optimum topdressing amount of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for three kinds of oil-vegetable double usage type rape was 225 kg/hm; ².

Key words: oil-vegetable double usage type rape, flowering Chinese cabbage, rapeseed, organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, topdressing amount, yield, quality

中图分类号:

S565.4

褚乾梅, 尹羽丰, 谢雄泽, 谢捷, 余小红, 王盾, 冯鹏. 追施有机无机复混肥对三种菜油兼用型油菜品种菜薹和菜子产量及品质的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(12): 56-60.

CHU Qian-mei, YIN Yu-feng, XIE Xiong-ze, XIE Jie, YU Xiao-hong, WANG Dun, FENG Peng. Effects of topdressing organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on the yield and quality of three oil-vegetable double usage type rape varieties[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(12): 56-60.

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