湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (10): 172-177.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.10.025

• 贮藏·加工 • 上一篇    下一篇

功能微生物提升发酵雪茄烟叶香气品质研究

林卿1, 许东升1, 刘建2   

  1. 1.福建省烟草公司南平市公司,福建 南平 353000;
    2.中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东 青岛 266101
  • 收稿日期:2026-07-06 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-10-23
  • 作者简介:林 卿(1984-),男,福建南平人,农艺师,主要从事烟草栽培和烟叶生产管理研究,(电话)19359328013(电子信箱)linqing7806@163.com 通信作者:许东升(1970-),男,福建莆田人,高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事烟草栽培和烟叶生产管理研究,(电话)13809599949(电子信箱)cc7215@126.com;刘 建(1992-),男,山东济南人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事烟草风味化学研究,(电话)15192533805(电子信箱)liujian03@caas.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司福建省公司科技计划项目《南平雪茄烟发酵功能微生物应用关键技术研究》(2023350000200091)

Study on the use of functional microorganisms to enhance the aroma quality of fermented cigar tobacco leaves

LIN Qing1, XU Dong-sheng1, LIU Jian2   

  1. 1. Nanping Branch, Fujian Tobacco Company, Nanping 353000, Fujian,China;
    2. Institute of Tobacco Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
  • Received:2026-07-06 Published:2026-10-25 Online:2026-10-23

摘要: 为探究功能微生物浓度及共培处理对发酵雪茄烟叶香气品质的影响,以福建南平雪茄烟叶为原料,设置不同Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y1(Sc)接种浓度[106 CFU/g (E6)、107 CFU/g (E7)、108 CFU/g (E8)]及功能微生物[Sc、Pichia spp.(Pi)、Metschnikowia pulcherrima(Mp)、Torulaspora delbrueckii Y7(Td)]共培方式(Sc+Pi、Sc+Mp、Sc+Td)进行发酵处理,采用顶空-固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)分析各处理烟叶中香气成分的种类与含量。结果表明,微生物浓度对烟叶香气成分具有显著的剂量效应,E6和E8处理雪茄烟叶的醇类、酸类、醛类和氮杂环类含量较对照显著增加,E8处理的酯类、酮类和萜类含量也显著增加。共培处理对烟叶香气成分的影响呈现菌株特异性,Sc+Pi与Sc+Mp处理显著增加总香气成分、醇类、酮类和萜类含量,总香气成分较对照分别增加20.89%与26.10%。PLS-DA进一步显示不同功能微生物浓度及共培处理发酵雪茄烟叶的香气特征存在明显差异。

关键词: 雪茄烟叶, 发酵, 香气, 功能微生物, HS-SPME-GC-MS, 偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)

Abstract: To investigate the effects of concentration and coculture treatments of functional microorganisms on the aroma quality of fermented cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs), CTLs from Nanping, Fujian Province were used as raw materials. Fermentation was conducted with different Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y1 (Sc) inoculation concentrations [106 CFU/g (E6), 107 CFU/g (E7), and 108 CFU/g (E8)] and functional microorganisms [Sc, Pichia spp. (Pi), Metschnikowia pulcherrima (Mp), Torulaspora delbrueckii Y7 (Td)] coculture patterns (Sc+Pi, Sc+Mp, and Sc+Td). The types and contents of aroma constituents in the treated CTLs were analyzed by HS-SPME-GC-MS. The results showed that the microbial concentration had a significant dose-dependent effect on the aroma constituents in CTLs. In the E6 and E8 treatments, the contents of alcohols, acids, aldehydes, and nitrogen heterocycles in CTLs were significantly higher than those in the control, and the contents of esters, ketones, and terpenes in the E8 treatment were also significantly higher. The effects of coculture treatments on aroma constituents exhibited strain-specificity. The Sc+Pi and Sc+Mp treatments significantly increased the contents of total aroma constituents, alcohols, ketones, and terpenes, with total aroma constituents increasing by 20.89% and 26.10%, respectively, compared to the control. PLS-DA further revealed obvious differences in the aroma profiles among different functional microbial concentrations and coculture treatments of fermented CTLs.

Key words: cigar tobacco leaves, fermentation, aroma, functional microorganisms, HS-SPME-GC-MS, PLS-DA

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