湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (5): 99-104.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.05.016

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稻虾共作模式下施肥量对鄂香2号产量、养分吸收及土壤化学性质的影响

刘玉华1,2, 李佳莹2, 佀国涵2, 赵书军2, 彭成林2   

  1. 1.长江大学生命科学学院,湖北 荆州 434023;
    2.湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉 430064
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-26 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 彭成林(1977-),男,副研究员,硕士,主要从事农业生态及水稻栽培技术研究,(电子信箱)chlpeng@163.com。
  • 作者简介:刘玉华(2002-),女,江西赣州人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为施肥对稻虾田水稻生长的影响,(电子信箱)yhLiu_31@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省技术创新计划项目(2024BBB092); 国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901204)

Effects of fertilizer application rate on yield, nutrient uptake and soil chemical properties of Exiang 2 under rice-crayfish co-cropping mode

LIU Yu-hua1,2, LI Jia-ying2, SI Guo-han2, ZHAO Shu-jun2, PENG Cheng-lin2   

  1. 1. College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China;
    2. Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
  • Received:2026-01-26 Published:2026-05-25 Online:2026-05-26

摘要: 为探明稻虾共作模式下鄂香2号水稻的适宜施氮量,于2019—2021年开展田间定位试验,设置5个施肥处理(CK,T1~T4),其中,施氮量分别为0、75、120、165、210 kg/hm2,系统分析不同施肥量对水稻产量及其构成因素、植株养分积累与土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明,随着施肥量的增加,鄂香2号水稻实收产量呈上升趋势,当施肥量达276.0 kg/hm2时,水稻实收产量显著高于对照;继续增加施肥量(T3、T4处理),水稻实收产量与T2处理相比无显著差异。鄂香2号实现增产的主要途径是增加有效穗数。子粒和秸秆的氮、磷、钾累积量随着施肥量的增加均呈上升趋势。施肥显著提升了土壤的有效磷和速效钾含量,而对pH、有机质和碱解氮影响不大。综合考虑产量、养分吸收及土壤肥力维持,推荐稻虾共作模式下鄂香2号经济施肥量为345.3~447.3 kg/hm2,其中,N、P2O5、K2O的经济施肥量为150.1~194.5 kg/hm2、75.1~97.2 kg/hm2、120.0~155.6 kg/hm2

关键词: 稻虾共作模式, 施肥量, 鄂香2号, 水稻产量, 养分吸收, 土壤化学性质

Abstract: To determine the appropriate nitrogen application rate for Exiang 2 rice under rice-crayfish co-cropping mode, a field fixed-site experiment was conducted from 2019 to 2021, with five fertilizer treatments (CK,T1~T4) set up, in which the nitrogen application rates were 0, 75, 120, 165 and 210 kg/hm2, respectively, and the effects of different fertilizer application rates on rice yield and its components, plant nutrient accumulation and soil physicochemical properties were systematically analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of fertilizer application rate on Exiang 2, the actual harvested yield of rice showed an increasing trend, and when the fertilizer application rate reached 276.0 kg/hm2, the actual harvested yield of rice was significantly higher than that of the control; further increasing the fertilizer application rate (treatments T3 and T4) did not result in a significant difference in actual harvested yield compared with treatment T2. The main way to achieve yield increase for Exiang 2 was to increase the number of effective panicles.The accumulations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in grain and straw all showed an increasing trend with the increase of fertilizer application rate. Fertilization significantly increased the contents of soil available phosphorus and available potassium, but had little effect on pH, organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen. Considering yield, nutrient uptake and soil fertility maintenance comprehensively, the recommended economic fertilizer application rate for Exiang 2 under rice-crayfish co-cropping mode was 345.3-447.3 kg/hm2, of which the economic application rates of N, P2O5 and K2O were 150.1-194.5 kg/hm2, 75.1-97.2 kg/hm2 and 120.0-155.6 kg/hm2, respectively.

Key words: rice-crayfish co-cropping mode, fertilizer application rate, Exiang 2, rice yield, nutrient uptake, soil chemical properties

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