外源褪黑素对铬胁迫下牡丹幼苗生理特性及光合作用的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.09.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa)品种凤丹幼苗为材料,探究外源褪黑素(MT)对六价铬胁迫下幼苗生理特性及光合作用的缓解效应与机制。采用水培试验,设置对照(CK)、铬胁迫(Cr,200 μmol/L K₂Cr₂O₇)以及铬胁迫下不同浓度褪黑素(50、100、200 μmol/L)处理组。结果表明,铬胁迫严重抑制了幼苗生长,其根干重、茎叶干重和总干重较CK分别显著下降42.3%、38.9%和40.1%;光合色素合成受阻,净光合速率(P_n)下降64.3%;活性氧(ROS)积累加剧,膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量上升167.0%。外源施加褪黑素,特别是100 μmol/L浓度,能显著缓解上述伤害。该处理使总干重恢复至CK的86.5%,P_n恢复至CK的82.0%;同时,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性较单独铬胁迫分别提升68.4%、74.2%和59.7%,MDA含量降低52.8%。此外,褪黑素还显著降低了凤丹幼苗根和地上部的铬积累量,并改善了钾、钙离子稳态。研究表明,外源褪黑素通过增强抗氧化防御、保护光合机构、调节离子平衡等多重协同机制,有效提升了牡丹幼苗对铬胁迫的耐受性。

关键词: 牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa), 褪黑素, 铬胁迫, 活性氧, 光合作用, 抗氧化酶, 离子稳态

Abstract: This study investigated the alleviating effects and underlying mechanisms of exogenous melatonin (MT) on the physiological characteristics and photosynthesis of peony(Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’) seedlings under hexavalent chromium stress. A hydroponic experiment was conducted with the following treatments: control (CK), chromium stress (Cr, 200 μmol/L K₂Cr₂O₇), and chromium stress combined with different concentrations of melatonin (50, 100, 200 μmol/L). The results showed that chromium stress severely inhibited seedling growth, with root dry weight, shoot dry weight, and total dry weight significantly decreasing by 42.3%, 38.9%, and 40.1%, respectively, compared to the control. Photosynthetic pigment synthesis was impeded, and the net photosynthetic rate (P_n) declined by 64.3%. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) intensified, and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA), a product of membrane lipid peroxidation, increased by 167.0%. Exogenous application of melatonin, particularly at a concentration of 100 μmol/L, significantly alleviated these detrimental effects. This treatment restored total dry weight to 86.5% and P_n to 82.0% of the control levels. Concurrently, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were significantly enhanced by 68.4%, 74.2%, and 59.7%, respectively, compared to the Cr-only treatment, while the MDA content was reduced by 52.8%. Furthermore, melatonin application significantly decreased chromium accumulation in both roots and shoots and improved the homeostasis of potassium and calcium ions. The study indicated that exogenous melatonin effectively enhanced the tolerance of peony seedlings to chromium stress through multiple synergistic mechanisms, including bolstering the antioxidant defense system, protecting the photosynthetic apparatus, and regulating ion balance.

Key words: peony(Paeonia suffruticosa), melatonin, chromium stress, reactive oxygen species, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzymes, ion homeostasis

中图分类号:

S685.11

张泽勇. 外源褪黑素对铬胁迫下牡丹幼苗生理特性及光合作用的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(9): 98-104.

ZHANG Ze-yong. Effects of exogenous melatonin on physiological characteristics and photosynthesis of peony seedlings under chromium stress[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(9): 98-104.

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