基于景观格局分析的太原市生态系统健康评价

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以2000—2020年山西省太原市土地利用数据为基础,利用Fragstats软件计算景观格局指数,分析景观格局变化;运用“压力-状态-响应”（PSR）模型和熵权法对太原市生态系统健康状况进行评价。结果表明,耕地、草地和林地为太原市的优势景观类型,面积占比大;建设用地面积逐年扩张,且涨幅较大;水域和其他用地类型面积占比小,连通性差;整体景观呈均质多样化趋势发展,景观破碎化程度加深;太原市整体生态系统健康状况表现出南北优、中部劣的分布格局;2000—2015年,太原市生态系统健康指数整体呈下降趋势,2015年降至最低值,2015—2020年生态系统健康指数有所上升;城市化、人口密度和人类干扰度与太原市生态系统健康极显著相关（P<0.01）。

关键词: 景观格局, PSR模型, 生态系统健康, 土地利用, 太原市

Abstract: Based on the land use data of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province from 2000 to 2020, the Fragstats software was used to calculate the landscape pattern index and analyze the change of landscape pattern. The “pressure-state-response” (PSR) model and entropy weight method were used to evaluate the ecosystem health status of Taiyuan City. The results showed that cultivated land, grassland and forest land were the dominant landscape types in Taiyuan City, and their areas accounted for a large proportion. The construction land area expanded year by year, and the increase was large. The area of water and other land types was small, and the connectivity was poor. The overall landscape showed a trend of homogeneity and diversification, and the fragmentation of the landscape was deepened. The overall ecosystem health of Taiyuan City showed the distribution pattern of good in the north and south region, and bad in the central region. The comprehensive index of ecosystem health in Taiyuan City showed a downward trend from 2000 to 2015, and reached the lowest value in 2015. The comprehensive index of ecosystem health increased from 2015 to 2020. The indicators of urbanization, population density and human disturbance were significantly correlated with ecosystem health in Taiyuan City（P<0.01）.

Key words: landscape pattern, PSR model, ecosystem health, land use, Taiyuan City

中图分类号:

X826

胡雅平, 王春玲, 陈小平, 甄志磊. 基于景观格局分析的太原市生态系统健康评价[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(3): 66-73.

HU Ya-ping, WANG Chun-ling, CHEN Xiao-ping, ZHEN Zhi-lei. Ecosystem health assessment of Taiyuan City based on landscape pattern analysis[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(3): 66-73.

参考文献

[1] VITOUSEK P M, MOONEY H A, LUBCHENCO J, et al.Human domination of earth’s ecosystems[J]. Science, 1997, 277(5325):494-499.
[2] PENG J, WANG Y, WU J, et al.Research progress on evaluation frameworks of regional ecological sustainability[J]. Chinese geographical science, 2011, 21: 496-510.
[3] 王文丽,张安录,刘蒙罢.长江经济带城市土地利用效率与生态系统健康耦合时空格局分析[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(6):352-362.
[4] 罗珂,田立涛,何豫,等.基于文献计量的城市空间结构与生态环境关联性研究[J].生态学报,2023,43(17):7352-7365.
[5] 郦天昳,彭建,刘焱序,等.基于集对分析的区域生态文化健康评价——以云南省大理白族自治州为例[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(10):1270-1280.
[6] 刘焱序,彭建,汪安,等.生态系统健康研究进展[J].生态学报,2015,35(18):5920-5930.
[7] 陈丹玲,胡文伯,卢新海,等.城市新增建设用地扩张影响机制:基于PSR框架的组态分析[J].中国土地科学,2022,36(7):85-93.
[8] 赵艳民,秦延文,马迎群,等.基于PSR的长江口生态系统的健康评价[J].环境工程,2021,39(10):207-212.
[9] 王同达,曹锦雪,赵永华,等.基于PSR模型的陕西省土地生态系统健康评价[J].应用生态学报,2021,32(5):1563-1572.
[10] HE W, LI Z, JING D.Evaluation of health level of land-use ecosystem based on GIS grid model[J]. Nature environment and pollution technology, 2020, 19(4):1475-1482.
[11] ZHAO X,HUANG G.Urban watershed ecosystem health assessment and ecological management zoning based on landscape pattern and SWMM simulation: A case study of Yangmei River Basin[J]. Environmental impact assessment review, 2022, 95: 106794.
[12] JIA H, PAN D, ZHANG W.Health assessment of wetland ecosystems in the Heilongjiang River Basin,China[J]. Wetlands, 2015, 35: 1185-1200.
[13] WU C, CHEN W.Indicator system construction and health assessment of wetland ecosystem-taking Hongze Lake Wetland, China as an example[J]. Ecological indicators, 2020, 112: 106164.
[14] 徐烨,杨帆,颜昌宙.基于景观格局分析的雄安城市湿地生态健康评价[J].生态学报,2020,40(20):7132-7142.
[15] 金辉,王思.基于PSR模型的武汉城市圈生态安全评价及态势研究[J].安全与环境学报,2020,20(1):352-363.
[16] 董瑞,李霞.基于PSR-模糊综合评价方法的天津市水环境安全评价[J].天津理工大学学报,2021,37(6):53-57.
[17] 何新,姜广辉,张瑞娟,等.基于PSR模型的土地生态系统健康时空变化分析——以北京市平谷区为例[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(12):2057-2068.
[18] ASHRAF A, HAROON M A, AHMAD S, et al.Use of remote sensing-based pressure-state-response framework for the spatial ecosystem health assessment in Langfang, China[J].Environmental science and pollution research,2023, 30:89395-89414.
[19] 汪涛,张家明,禹湘,等.资源型城市的可持续发展路径——以太原市创建国家可持续发展议程示范区为例[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2021,31(3):24-32.
[20] 邓文博,刘文娟.基于多属性决策方法的太原市冬季街道尘土中潜在有害元素关键来源解析[J].环境科学,2023,44(1):38-47.
[21] 景彩娥,张福平.太原市城市生态系统健康评价及其趋势预测[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(3):280-286.
[22] 张楚强,向洋,方婷,等.LUCC影响下太原市生态系统碳储量时空变化及预测[J].安全与环境工程,2022,29(6):248-258.
[23] 李凤,周文佐,邵周玲,等.2000—2018年西秦岭景观格局变化及生态系统健康评价[J].生态学报,2023,43(4):1338-1352.
[24] 张建,雷刚,漆良华,等.2003—2018年土地利用变化对丹江口市景观格局与生态服务价值的影响[J].生态学报,2021,41(4):1280-1290.
[25] 徐浩田,周林飞,成遣.基于PSR模型的凌河口湿地生态系统健康评价与预警研究[J].生态学报,2017,37(24):8264-8274.
[26] 郑慧敏,周倩,梁峻,等.基于SRP模型的产业型特色小镇生态脆弱性评价及其驱动力研究——以温州市望里镇为例[J].农业与技术,2023,43(4):115-119.
[27] 卢雅茹. 基于景观格局演变的秦岭生态系统健康评价[D].西安:长安大学,2021.
[28] CHU H, VENEVSKY S, WU C, et al.NDVI-based vegetation dynamics and its response to climate changes at Amur-Heilongjiang River Basin from 1982 to 2015[J]. Science of the total environment, 2019, 650: 2051-2062.
[29] 方宇. 甘南及川西北高寒湿地生态系统健康评价[D].北京:北京林业大学,2020.
[30] 牛明香,王俊,徐宾铎.基于PSR的黄河河口区生态系统健康评价[J].生态学报,2017,37(3):943-952.
[31] 袁毛宁, 刘焱序, 王曼, 等.基于“活力—组织力—恢复力—贡献力”框架的广州市生态系统健康评估[J].生态学杂志,2019,38(4):1249-1257.
[32] XU D,CAI Z, XU D, et al.Land use change and ecosystem health assessment on Shanghai-Hangzhou Bay,Eastern China[J]. Land, 2022, 11(6):867.
[33] 关琬琪. 山西省土地利用系统健康评价及影响因素分析[D].太原:山西财经大学,2022.
[34] 赵天梁. 山西华北落叶松群落物种多样性[J].北京林业大学学报,2017,39(6):45-50.
[35] 马晓勇,党晋华,李晓婷,等.太原市近15年城市景观格局时空变化及其驱动力[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(4):308-316,357.
[36] 阳文锐. 北京城市景观格局时空变化及驱动力[J].生态学报,2015,35(13):4357-4366.
[37] 马小红,苏永红,林菲,等.太原市土地利用/覆被变化及驱动因素研究[J].生态科学,2021,40(3):201-210.
[38] 李淑全. 太原市生态环境建设问题研究[D].山西太谷:山西农业大学,2018.
[39] PATIL G P, BROOKS R P, MYERS W L, et al.Ecosystem health and its measurement at landscape scale: Toward the next generation of quantitative assessments[J]. Ecosystem health, 2001, 7(4): 307-316.
[40] 段雪岩,李媛.基于ArcGIS的太原市经济与人口重心时空变化分析[J].地矿测绘,2022,38(3):13-17.