湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (8): 62-72.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.010

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

2000—2020年中国主要作物氮、磷肥施用时空变化

魏静1,2, 左丽君1, 汪潇1, 胡顺光1, 张增祥1, 刘晏君1,2, 全洛平1,2   

  1. 1.中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京 100101;
    2.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-06 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 左丽君(1982-),女,江西上高人,研究员,博士,主要从事土地利用变化及其环境影响遥感研究,(电子信箱)zuolj@aircas.ac.cn。
  • 作者简介:魏 静(2000-),男,重庆人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为耕地可持续利用,(电子信箱)weijing22@mails.ucas.ac.cn;
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(T2261129473); 可持续发展大数据国际研究中心专项(CBAS2023SDG001)

Spatial-temporal changes of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application for major crops in China from 2000 to 2020

WEI Jing1,2, ZUO Li-jun1, WANG Xiao1, HU Shun-guang1, ZHANG Zeng-xiang1, LIU Yan-jun1,2, QUAN Luo-ping1,2   

  1. 1. Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2025-03-06 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-09-12

摘要: 结合统计数据与遥感信息,构建了14种主要作物在2000年、2010年及2020年的氮、磷肥施用量时空数据集,并分析了播种面积、施肥强度及施肥量的变化。结果表明,2000—2020年,中国主要作物播种面积持续上升,增长了12.18%;有9种作物氮肥施用强度下降明显,降幅为7.91%~54.12%,有10种作物磷肥施用强度呈上升趋势,增幅为1.62%~191.17%;氮、磷肥施用量在空间上呈现出相似的区域差异,黄淮区施用量最多;三大主粮作物氮肥施用量占比保持在80%以上,磷肥施用量占比在70%以上;在时间变化上,全国主要作物氮肥施用量普遍呈减少趋势,总体减少了14.57%,而磷肥施用量呈增加趋势,总体增加了26.98%,增加主要发生在中国北方地区。

关键词: 氮肥, 磷肥, 施肥强度, 播种面积, 时空变化, 中国

Abstract: By integrating statistical data and remote sensing information, a spatiotemporal dataset of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application rates for 14 major crops in 2000, 2010, and 2020 was constructed, and changes in sown area, fertilization intensity, and fertilizer application amount were analyzed. The results showed that from 2000 to 2020, the sown area of major crops in China continued to increase, with a growth rate of 12.18%. The nitrogen fertilizer application intensity of 9 crops decreased significantly, with a reduction range of 7.91% to 54.12%, while the phosphorus fertilizer application intensity of 10 crops showed an upward trend, with an increase range of 1.62% to 191.17%. Spatially, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application amounts showed similar regional differences, with the Huanghuai region having the highest application amount. The proportion of nitrogen fertilizer application for the three major staple crops remained above 80%, and that of phosphorus fertilizer application remained above 70%. In terms of temporal changes, the nitrogen fertilizer application amount of major crops in China generally showed a decreasing trend, with an overall reduction of 14.57%, while the phosphorus fertilizer application amount showed an increasing trend, with an overall increase of 26.98%. This increase mainly occurred in northern China.

Key words: nitrogen fertilization, phosphorus fertilization, fertilization intensity, sown area, spatial-temporal changes, China

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