1 040份玉米地方品种苗期耐渍性鉴定与优异种质资源筛选

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.03.001

湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (3): 1-5.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.03.001

• 育种·栽培 • 下一篇

1 040份玉米地方品种苗期耐渍性鉴定与优异种质资源筛选

腾峰¹, 虞思佳^1,2, 张士龙¹, 贺正华¹, 孙霄鹏¹, 贾海涛¹

1.湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/粮食作物种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430064;
2.长江大学生命科学学院,湖北荆州 434025

收稿日期:2025-09-01 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-09
通讯作者: 贾海涛（1986-）,男,河南扶沟人,副研究员,主要从事玉米种质资源创新研究,（电子信箱）htjia@hbaas.com。
作者简介:腾峰（1982-）,男,湖北襄阳人,研究员,博士,主要从事西南山区玉米新品种的选育工作,（电子信箱）tengfeng1217@163.com。
基金资助:
湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所自主创新基金项目（2022ZZCX003）; 粮食作物种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室开放课题（2025lzjj01）

Identification of waterlogging tolerance at seedling stage and screening of elite germplasm resources from 1 040 maize landraces

TENG Feng¹, YU Si-jia^1,2, ZHANG Shi-long¹, HE Zheng-hua¹, SUN Xiao-peng¹, JIA Hai-tao¹

1. Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430064, China;
2. College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China

Received:2025-09-01 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-04-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为挖掘玉米（Zea mays L.）耐渍性育种关键种质资源,以第三次全国农作物种质资源普查收集的 1 040份玉米地方品种为材料,于苗期五叶一心进行持续4周的大田淹水胁迫,系统评价其耐渍性。结果表明,种质存活率为42.8%,峰度为-1.28,偏度为-0.068,表明数据分布近似对称且呈低峰态。地理来源分析显示,西南地区种质的存活率为53.9%,显著高于黄淮海地区（32.4%）,两地耐渍性差异达极显著水平（P=7.87×10^-36<0.01）。根据存活率将供试品种划分为5个耐渍等级,110份种质（占比10.6%）的存活率>80%,定义为1级（耐渍性极强）,其中,2份种质（黄淮海地区的八趟白和洋玉米）在渍水胁迫4周后存活率达100%,25份种质的存活率≥90%。这些极强耐渍性材料是发掘耐渍基因与提升品种耐渍性的核心资源,为玉米耐渍遗传改良提供材料基础,进而增强生产系统气候韧性、保障粮食安全。

关键词: 玉米（Zea mays L.）, 地方品种, 苗期, 耐渍性鉴定, 种质资源, 筛选

Abstract: To excavate key germplasm resources for waterlogging tolerance breeding in maize (Zea mays L.), 1 040 maize landraces collected from the third national census of crop germplasm resources were used as materials, and their waterlogging tolerance was systematically evaluated by applying continuous waterlogging stress for four weeks at the five-leaf-and-one-heart seedling stage under field conditions. The results showed that the survival rate of germplasm was 42.8%, with a kurtosis of -1.28 and a skewness of -0.068, indicating an approximately symmetrical and platykurtic distribution of the data. Analysis of geographic origins showed that the survival rate of germplasm from the southwest region was 53.9%, which was significantly higher than that from the Huang-Huai-Hai region (32.4%), and the difference in waterlogging tolerance between the two regions reached an extremely significant level (P=7.87×10^-36<0.01). Based on survival rates, the tested varieties were classified into five waterlogging tolerance grades. 110 accessions (accounting for 10.6%) with a survival rate >80% were defined as grade 1(extremely strong waterlogging tolerance), among which two germplasm accessions (Batangbai and Yangyumi from the Huang-Huai-Hai region) showed a 100% survival rate after four weeks of waterlogging stress, and 25 accessions had a survival rate ≥90%. These materials with extremely strong waterlogging tolerance represented core resources for mining waterlogging tolerance genes and improving cultivar waterlogging tolerance, providing a material foundation for the genetic improvement of waterlogging tolerance in maize, thereby enhancing the climate resilience of production systems and ensuring food security.

Key words: maize (Zea mays L.), landrace, seedling stage, waterlogging tolerance identification, germplasm resource, screening

中图分类号:

S513

腾峰, 虞思佳, 张士龙, 贺正华, 孙霄鹏, 贾海涛. 1 040份玉米地方品种苗期耐渍性鉴定与优异种质资源筛选[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(3): 1-5.

TENG Feng, YU Si-jia, ZHANG Shi-long, HE Zheng-hua, SUN Xiao-peng, JIA Hai-tao. Identification of waterlogging tolerance at seedling stage and screening of elite germplasm resources from 1 040 maize landraces[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(3): 1-5.

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1 040份玉米地方品种苗期耐渍性鉴定与优异种质资源筛选

Identification of waterlogging tolerance at seedling stage and screening of elite germplasm resources from 1 040 maize landraces

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