海藻提取物配施液体肥对旱作玉米生长发育及产量的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.06.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为促进水肥一体化施肥方案升级及推广应用,以春玉米(Zea mays L.)迪卡159为供试品种进行田间试验,设置CK(常规液体肥)、T1(常规液体肥+海藻提取物18 L/hm²)、T2(常规液体肥+海藻提取物36 L/hm²)、T3(常规液体肥+海藻提取物54 L/hm²)、T4(常规液体肥+海藻提取物72 L/hm²)共5个处理,田间随机排列,测定玉米的根系指标、株高、茎粗、叶面积、叶绿素相对含量（SPAD值）、产量及其构成因素。结果表明,在根系指标上,T3表现最佳,其根总长、根总表面积和根总体积比CK分别显著增加217.83%、123.91%和68.65%;在植株生长方面,T3的株高、茎粗、叶面积及叶绿素相对含量比CK分别提高7.09%、4.33%、6.13%和8.36%;在产量上,T3比CK显著增产13.16%,同时获得最高的经济效益,纯收入增加26.60%。综合来看,常规液体肥配施海藻提取物能显著促进旱作玉米的根系发育与植株生长,并最终提高产量与经济效益,其中以配施54 L/hm²海藻提取物的效果最为突出。

关键词: 海藻提取物, 液体肥, 旱作玉米(Zea mays L.), 生长发育, 产量, 农艺性状

Abstract: To promote the upgrading, popularization and application of water-fertilizer integrated fertilization schemes, a field experiment was conducted using spring maize (Zea mays L.) variety Dika 159 as the test material. Five treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design: CK (conventional liquid fertilizer), T1 (conventional liquid fertilizer + 18 L/hm² seaweed extract), T2 (conventional liquid fertilizer + 36 L/hm² seaweed extract), T3 (conventional liquid fertilizer + 54 L/hm² seaweed extract), and T4 (conventional liquid fertilizer + 72 L/hm² seaweed extract). Root indices, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, chlorophyll relative content (SPAD value), grain yield and its components were measured. The results showed that T3 performed the best in root parameters. Compared with CK, total root length, total root surface area and total root volume under T3 were significantly increased by 217.83%, 123.91% and 68.65%, respectively. For plant growth, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and SPAD value in T3 were improved by 7.09%, 4.33%, 6.13% and 8.36%, respectively, relative to CK. In terms of yield, T3 significantly increased grain yield by 13.16% and achieved the highest economic benefit with a 26.60% increase in net income compared with CK. In conclusion, the combined application of conventional liquid fertilizer and seaweed extract could significantly promote root development and plant growth of dryland maize, and ultimately enhance grain yield and economic benefits. The optimal application rate was 54 L/hm² of seaweed extract.

Key words: seaweed extract, liquid fertilizer, dryland maize (Zea mays L.), growth, yield, agronomy traits

中图分类号:

S513

张超一, 纪元, 刁红霞, 宋海妹. 海藻提取物配施液体肥对旱作玉米生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(6): 20-25.

ZHANG Chao-yi, JI Yuan, DIAO Hong-xia, SONG Hai-mei. Effects of seaweed extract combined with liquid fertilizer on growth and yield of dryland maize[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(6): 20-25.

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