菌种用量对大球盖菇产量和农艺性状的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.06.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究不同菌种用量对大球盖菇(Stropharia rugosoannulata)产量和农艺性状的影响,设置D1(0.8 kg/m²)、D2(1.6 kg/m²)和D3(2.4 kg/m²)3个菌种用量,确定不同菌种用量对产量和农艺性状的影响及不同菇潮子实体农艺性状差异。结果表明,不同菌种用量对大球盖菇出菇时间和出菇周期有影响,较高菌种用量下出菇时间较短,而出菇周期较长,其中D1出菇时间最长为60 d,出菇周期最短为54 d,D3处理出菇时间最短为43 d,出菇周期最长为72 d;大球盖菇的产量随菌种用量增加而增加,D2和D3处理总产量显著高于D1处理,但D2与D3处理之间差异不显著。3个处理均表现为2潮菇产量占比最高,为44.28%~52.79%。随着菇潮的增加,低价值菇(单菇质量小于20 g)的占比随之上升,从1潮的8.30%~26.06%上升到3潮的69.52%~76.54%;在农艺性状方面,不同菌种用量的单菇质量、子实体长度、菌柄长度、菌柄直径、菌盖直径均无显著差异,但菇形指数有显著差异,表现为D1显著大于D2和D3。在子实体农艺性状变异系数方面,单菇质量的变异系数最大,总体为72.51%;子实体菇形指数变异系数最小,为28.65%;子实体长度、菌柄长度、菌柄直径、菌盖直径的变异系数为29.69%~33.29%。总体来看,D3处理第1潮菇的子实体性状表现最好,子实体长度、菌柄长度、菌盖直径均最大。

关键词: 大球盖菇(Stropharia rugosoannulata), 菌种用量, 产量, 农艺性状, 变异系数

Abstract: To investigate the effects of different spawn application rates on the yield and agronomic traits of Stropharia rugosoannulata, three spawn application rates were established: D1 (0.8 kg/m²), D2 (1.6 kg/m²), and D3 (2.4 kg/m²). The objective was to determine the effects of different spawn application rates on yield and agronomic traits, as well as the differences in agronomic traits of fruiting bodies among different flushes. The results showed that different spawn application rates affected the fruiting time and fruiting cycle of Stropharia rugosoannulata. Under higher spawn application rates, the fruiting time was shorter, while the fruiting cycle was longer. Specifically, treatment D1 had the longest fruiting time of 60 d and the shortest fruiting cycle of 54 d, whereas treatment D3 had the shortest fruiting time of 43 d and the longest fruiting cycle of 72 d. The yield of Stropharia rugosoannulata increased with increasing spawn application rate. The total yields of the D2 and D3 treatments were significantly higher than that of the D1 treatment, whereas no significant difference was observed between the D2 and D3 treatments. In all three treatments, the second flush accounted for the highest proportion of yield, ranging from 44.28% to 52.79%. With the increase in flush number, the proportion of low-value mushrooms (individual weight < 20 g) increased from 8.30%-26.06% in the first flush to 69.52%-76.54% in the third flush. In terms of agronomic traits, no significant differences were observed among different spawn application rates in individual mushroom weight, fruiting body length, stipe length, stipe diameter, or pileus diameter. However, the mushroom shape index differed significantly, with D1 being significantly higher than D2 and D3. Regarding the coefficients of variation of fruiting body agronomic traits, individual mushroom weight showed the largest coefficient of variation, with an overall value of 72.51%, whereas the mushroom shape index showed the smallest coefficient of variation, at 28.65%. The coefficients of variation for fruiting body length, stipe length, stipe diameter, and pileus diameter ranged from 29.69% to 33.29%. Overall, the fruiting body traits of the first flush under the D3 treatment performed best, with fruiting body length, stipe length, and pileus diameter.

Key words: Stropharia rugosoannulata, spawn application rate, yield, agronomic traits, coefficient of variation

中图分类号:

S646.1
S318

余小红, 赖崇健, 李维维, 蔡林, 陈乃健, 吴红英. 菌种用量对大球盖菇产量和农艺性状的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(6): 124-127.

YU Xiao-hong, LAI Chong-jian, LI Wei-wei, CAI Lin, CHEN Nai-jian, WU Hong-ying. Effects of spawn application rate on yield and agronomic traits of Stropharia rugosoannulata[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(6): 124-127.

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