Abstract: Using the output value data of forestry in the five northwestern provinces （regions）, the structural and component components of forestry industry in 2006-2014 were calculated by dynamic deviation-share analysis （DSSM）, and the dynamic changes between industrial structure and competitiveness was analyzed. The results show that the forestry industry in the region is on the rise as a whole, and its output value has increased from 3.46 billion yuan in 2006 to 21.565 billion yuan in 2014, with an average annual growth rate of 25.70%. In terms of industrial structure, The proportion of the three forestry industries in the region is adjusted from 91.87∶4.54∶3.60 in 2006 to 83.15∶9.69∶7.16 in 2014. The forestry structure is mainly based on traditional forestry planting, and the proportion of forestry second and third industries is too low. According to the analysis of the difference in the development of forestry industry among provinces （regions）, the development level of forestry in Shaanxi and Xinjiang provinces is relatively high. From the overall level of regional forestry development, there are more forestry sub-sectors in the region developing rapidly. From a dynamic perspective,the rapid development speed makes up for the defects in forestry infrastructure, and the industrial structure is generally evolving in the direction of gradual optimization. On this basis, corresponding suggestions for the development of forestry industry in the five northwestern provinces （regions） were put forward.

Key words: dynamic shift-share analysis, forest industry, industrial structure, industrial competitiveness, five northwestern provinces（regions）