Abstract: In order to explore the suitable cultivation methods for oil and vegetable dual-use rape（Brassica napus L.） varieties， and screen out early-ripening rape varieties suitable for cultivation in Hubei province， taking 19 cabbage-type rape varieties， 1 Chinese cabbage variety， and 1 Chinese cabbage variety as materials， the effects of density and fertility on the yield of rape cultivars were studied. The experiment set high density and low fertility （transplanting density of 108，000 plants/hm2， no external application of compound fertilizer）， high density and high fertility （transplanting density of 108，000 plants/hm2， adding 1 additional compound fertilizer before pumping， the application rate is about 600 kg/hm2） and low density and high fertility （the transplanting density is 54，000 plants/hm2， and the compound fertilizer is added once before pumping， and the application rate is about 300 kg/hm2）. The results showed that among the 21 varieties， compared with low density， under high density condition， 4 varieties increased highly significantly， 8 varieties increased significantly， 6 varieties did not increase significantly， and 3 varieties reduced yield； Compared with low fertility， the yield increase of 9 varieties was significant or extremely significant， and the yield reduction of 7 varieties was significant under high fertility condition；the average yield of 6 late-ripening rapeseed varieties increased by 61.21% under high density condition compared with low density， and increased by 49.50% under high fertility conditions compared with low fertility； the average yield of pupae of 13 early-maturing varieties increased by 31.53% under high density condition compared with low density， but there was no significant change between low fertility and high fertility conditions. It can be seen that increasing planting density helps to increase the yield of rape cultivars. The fertility affects the yield of rape cultivars varies from species to species.

Key words: rape （Brassica napus L.）, bolt, production, density, fertility