Histological observation of head kidney and spleen of juvenile Oncorhynchus keta before release

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.12.023

Abstract

Abstract: By understanding the characteristics of the immune organs of chum salmon, it provided a research basis for exploring the immune response mechanism of the released juvenile chum salmon during the breeding process. The anatomy and conventional histological techniques were used to observe and study the head kidney and spleen of juvenile chum salmon before release. The results showed that the head kidney was located on the back of the esophagus, above the pharyngeal retractor muscle in the thoracic cavity, and the surface was covered with a dense connective tissue capsule. The head kidney contained vestigial renal tubules, and it was in the mixed urinary and immune function stage, and the head kidney was full of lymphocytes, granulocytes, blood cells and melanin-macrophages, with a distinct melanin-macrophage center. The spleen was located below the stomach tissue, the back of the middle intestine, and the surface was smooth and reddish brown. The spleen outer layer was wrapped by a membrane, and the substance was composed of vaguely arranged red pulp and white pulp. The central venous and arterial blood vessels in the spleen were abundant. The red pulp contained sinusoids formed by a large number of blood cells, while the white pulp was filled with a large number of lymphocytes and granulocytes.The melanin macrophages were scattered in the spleenand the melanin macrophages center was obvious. The head kidney and spleen of the juvenile chum salmon had the strong hematopoietic and immune functions before release.

Key words: Oncorhynchus keta, immune organs, head kidney, spleen

CLC Number:

S965.29

LI Pei-lun, LIU Wei, LU Wan-qiao, TANG Fu-jiang, WANG Ji-long. Histological observation of head kidney and spleen of juvenile Oncorhynchus keta before release[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2022, 61(12): 116-119.

References

[1] DALMO R A,INGEBRIGTSEN K,BOGWALD J.Non-specific defence mechanisms in fish, with particular reference to the reticuloendothelial system (RES)[J]. Journal of fish diseases,1997,20(4):241-273.
[2] 刘小玲, 葛海燕, 顾泽茂. 黄颡鱼头肾的组织发生与组织结构研究[J]. 水生态学杂志, 2009, 2(3): 108-110.
[3] 季益平, 匡思雯, 袁子, 等. 银鲳脾脏和头肾的形态与组织学特征[J]. 宁波大学学报(理工版), 2020, 33(4): 1-5.
[4] JOSEFSSON S, TATNER M F.Histogenesis of the lymphoid organs in sea bream (Sparus aurata L.)[J]. Fish & shellfish immunology, 1993, 3(1):35-49.
[5] 吴金英, 林浩然. 斜带石斑鱼淋巴器官个体发育的组织学[J]. 动物学报, 2003(6): 819-828.
[6] 区又君, 刘江华, 李加儿, 等. 驼背鲈头肾和脾脏的形态组织学观察[J]. 南方农业学报, 2015, 46(11): 2034-2039.
[7] 罗俊标,谢木娇,区又君,等. 四指马鲅头肾和脾脏组织学研究[J]. 生物学杂志, 2016, 33(4): 43-47.
[8] 解玉浩. 东北地区淡水鱼类[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁科学技术出版社, 2007.
[9] DAVANH U, MINHO K, SUKYUNG K, et al. Growth and maturation of Korean chum salmon under changing environmental conditions[J]. Fisheries research, 2012, 134-136: 104-112.
[10] FINNY B P.Impacts of climatic change and fishing on Pacific salmon abundance over the past 300 years[J]. Science, 2000, 5492: 795-799.
[11] 李培伦,王继隆,鲁万桥,等. 图们江大麻哈鱼的个体繁殖力研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2021,12(49):34-42.
[12] 王继隆, 刘伟, 杨文波, 等. 绥芬河大麻哈鱼增殖放流效果评估[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(10): 3572-3578.
[13] 韩叶,郑伟, 康学会, 等. 基于微卫星标记的图们江大麻哈鱼亲子鉴定技术研究[J]. 南方水产科学,2020,16(4): 84-89.
[14] 李培伦, 刘伟, 王继隆, 等. 大麻哈鱼放流期形态性状对体质量的影响分析[J]. 水产学杂志, 2018, 31(2): 6-11.
[15] KENTARO H, TATSUYA K, TOSHIHIKO S, et al.First report of growth rate of juvenile chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta captured in the Sea of Okhotsk offshore[J]. Ichthyological research, 2019, 66(1): 155-159.
[16] NATSUMI T, NOBUTO K, YU I, et al.Effects of seawater transfer and fasting on the endocrine and biochemical growth indices in juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta)[J]. General and comparative endocrinology, 2016, 236: 146-156.
[17] 李培伦, 刘伟, 王继隆, 等. 盐度对大麻哈鱼幼鱼存活率、鳃ATP酶活力及其组织结构的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2020, 44(3): 562-569.
[18] 王臣, 刘伟, 战培荣, 等. 外源Sr²+在大麻哈鱼胚胎耳石上的沉积[J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(10): 3189-3194.
[19] 初小雅. 斑马鱼胸腺和头肾的结构特征及其组织样品的制备程序[D]. 南京:南京农业大学, 2016.
[20] 雷雪彬, 常藕琴, 石存斌, 等. 草鱼头肾发生组织学与免疫组织化学观察[J]. 水产学报, 2013, 37(6): 840-850.
[21] 张孟闻. 脊椎动物的比较解剖学[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 1998.
[22] 田敬云, 谢海侠, 姚卫建, 等. 鳜鱼头肾的组织发生及成鱼头肾B淋巴细胞的分布[J]. 动物学报, 2005, 51(3): 440-446.
[23] 苏锦祥. 鱼类学与海水鱼类养殖[M].北京: 中国农业出版社, 2005.88.
[24] 曹守花, 李加儿, 区又君, 等. 鲻脾脏和头肾的形态学与组织学研究[J]. 海洋渔业, 2013, 35(3): 249-256.
[25] 王鸿鹄, 李长玲, 曹伏君, 等. 红笛鲷头肾和脾脏显微结构的观察[J]. 台湾海峡, 2006, 25(3): 360-367.
[26] 胡玲玲, 李加儿, 区又君, 等. 条石鲷头肾和脾脏的显微结构观察[J]. 南方水产, 2010, 6(3): 41-45.
[27] 张训蒲, 熊传喜, 黎会平. 黄鳝造血器官的组织学观察[J]. 华中农业大学学报, 1993, 12(3): 285-288.
[28] 王文博, 李爱华, 汪建国, 等. 拥挤胁迫对草鱼非特异性免疫功能的影响[J]. 水产学报, 2004, 28(2): 139-144.
[29] 王晓杰, 张秀梅, 姜明. 盐度胁迫对许氏平鮋鳃、头肾、脾脏超微结构的影响[J]. 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2006, 36(S1): 85-90.
[30] 谢碧文, 张未丽, 张耀光. 瓦氏黄颡鱼和岩原鲤脾脏的组织学观察[J].四川动物, 2010, 29(2): 212-214.