Abstract: China’s successful experience in poverty management was a significant embodiment of Chinese modernization. Furthermore, it served as a solid foundation for the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization and the building of China’s strong agriculture in the future. By incorporating China’s poverty alleviation policies into the analytical framework of Chinese modernization, this study first conducted an international comparison from the perspective of modern poverty governance, and examined China’s advantages in poverty definition, government assistance, and national development concepts. It further elucidated the great achievements of China’s poverty alleviation efforts through both historical and global comparisons. Secondly, the Chinese modernization poverty alleviation system was deconstructed into a closely integrated structure of institutional philosophy, fiscal capability, organizational system, and targeted policies. It summarized the institutional advantages of China’s distinctive poverty alleviation path under a national system by analyzing aspects such as leadership, poverty alleviation goals, fiscal mobilization, organizational structure, and policy implementation. Finally, it emphasized that eliminating absolute poverty was not the end of poverty governance. Establishing a long-term poverty alleviation system required consolidating stable and institutionalized poverty alleviation, effectively implementing endogenous poverty alleviation strategies, and transitioning toward relative poverty governance. The path of poverty alleviation with Chinese characteristics provided Chinese solutions for promoting world sustainable development, modernization and poverty governance.

Key words: Chinese modernization, poverty management, international comparison, experience summary