Abstract: To establish a simultaneous detection method for chlorantraniliprole and clothianidin residues in peanut kernels and straw and to assess their dietary risk, this study used QuEChERS pretreatment technology combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), optimized the combination of extraction salt packets and purification tubes, performed detection in electrospray positive ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring mode, quantified by the external standard method, and conducted residue determination and chronic dietary risk assessment for peanut samples from 10 regions of China.The results showed that chlorantraniliprole and clothianidin had good linear relationships in the range of 0.002 5 to 0.200 0 mg/L, with correlation coefficients (R²) all greater than 0.990 0. The average recoveries of chlorantraniliprole in peanut kernels ranged from 81.8% to 88.0%, with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 2.2% to 6.1%; the average recoveries of clothianidin ranged from 77.0% to 82.4%, with RSD of 5.1% to 12.6%. The average recoveries of chlorantraniliprole in straw ranged from 73.0% to 79.6%, with RSD of 1.4% to 4.9%; the average recoveries of clothianidin ranged from 78.0% to 92.8%, with RSD of 0.9% to 7.9%. The residues of both pesticides in peanut kernels from 10 regions did not exceed the limits specified in the National food safety standard-Maximum residue limits for pesticides in food. Chronic dietary risk assessment showed that the risk quotients of chlorantraniliprole and clothianidin were 4.6% and 6.6%, respectively, both far below 100%. The method was simple and efficient, had high sensitivity, exhibited good accuracy and precision, and was suitable for the simultaneous detection of the two pesticide residues in peanuts.

Key words: QuEChERS, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（UPLC-MS/MS）, peanut, chlorantraniliprole, clothianidin, residue, dietary risk