Abstract: For the demand of saving the input in protected cultivation in South China,the effects of different pollination methods on fruit set and abortion of melon and watermelon were investigated. The high temperature tolerance between Pinghu black bee and Pinghu wasp was compared,and the effects of different placement in the bee box on Pinghu black bee and Pinghu wasp during hot season was studied. The research also worked on the fruit setting rate,fruit abortion rate,single fruit weight,quality and yields among three different pollination methods（Pinghu black bee,Pinghu wasp and human pollination） on melon and watermelon cultivation. The results showed that Pinghu black bee had better tolerance and less injured influenced by high temperature in summer. And,putting 1/10 of the beehive box into greenhouse and remaining 9/10 outside,showed 5 day length elongation of pollination period,and prolong the life span of the bee population for 30 days. Pinghu black bee showed better pollination ability among small and medium size watermelon, and muskmelon cultivation,which increased the fruit setting rate and reduced fruit abortion rate. However,the single fruit weight was lighter,when compared Pinghu black bee pollination to human pollination. The brix in the central part and edge part of fruit showed higher results,which compared Pinghu black bee pollination to human pollination method. Pinghu black bee pollination method showed the highest yields per 667 m², which increased the economics output of muskmelon and watermelon industry.

Key words: bee, protected cultivation, watermelon, melon, pollination effects