Abstract: In order to utilize the germplasm resources of rapeseed（Brassica napus L.） and serve the breeding efficiently,the main 9 economic characters of 95 B.napus germplasms from different countries（regions） were used for stepwise regression,path analysis and principal component analysis. The stepwise regression and path analysis showed that, pod number per plant, seed number per pod and thousand seed weight had great direct contribution to yield per plant at density of 2.22 ten thousand plants/667 m²,the relationship between the 3 traits and yield per plant all appeared significant linear regression,and the other traits did not show significant effect on yield per plant.Principal component analysis showed that,pod number per plant,plant type,thousand seed weight,effective branch number and seed number per pod were the principal component factors contributing to yield, and the contribution rate of the 5 principal component factors aggregated to 86.39%. It was concluded that,in order to improve the yield of Brassica napus L.,pod number per plant and thousand seed weight should be improved stably based on properly increasing plant height,ensuring appropriate plant type and branch number,meanwhile,attention must be paid to the coordination equilibrium of pod number per plant, thousand seed weight and seed number per pod.

Key words: Brassica napus L., germplasm resource, economic characters, yield