Abstract: Taking Changyuan City as the research object, the accessibility and equalization level of rural public service facilities were measured by using methods such as the two-step mobile search method, multi-criteria decision-making method, Lorenz curve, and Gini coefficient, combined with GIS spatial analysis technology. The results showed that the accessibility of public service facilities in Changyuan City presented a distribution pattern with stronger accessibility in the west and weaker in the east, and the equalization degree was low. It was significantly affected by geographical, economic, transportation and other factors, especially in the Yellow River beach area in the east. Based on this, strategies for optimizing the spatial layout of villages and towns were proposed, including optimizing the facility layout, improving traffic conditions, increasing investment in weak areas, and guiding population agglomeration.

Key words: public service equalization, village and town space optimization, accessibility, Lorentz curve, Changyuan City