Abstract: Under the current "One Belt, One Road" background, Xinjiang railway construction has entered a stage of great development. The cities in Xinjiang are typical oasis cities, which are far apart. The railway construction not only shortens the time and space distance along the line, but also improves the accessibility level between the regions, and promotes the social and economic links between the regions. By comparing and analyzing the traffic accessibility and economic linkages of 13 major stations in the west and east along the route from Kashgar in 2011 and 2016 in Xinjiang, it is recognized that in 2016, the accessibility and economic ties between cities have improved significantly, but there are still obvious differences. The traffic in the area where the traffic was relatively convenient is more convenient; the economic growth of the counties and cities along the railways around Urumqi is significant; and the farther the distance is, the less obvious the increase. The regional economic development level of the 13-node cities has decreased, and the regional development imbalance has declined.

Key words: railway construction, traffic accessibility, economic linkages, Xinjiang