HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Electrochemical analysis performance study of graphene functional modified materials

ZHENG De-lun, ZHANG Rui-long, CHEN Jian-qiao, WANG Cheng-wen, CHEN Xue-wu, ZHANG Cai-yun

2019, 58(7): 5-6. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.001

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Graphene （GR）, as a kind of monatomic carbon nanomaterial, which has a unique two-dimensional conjugate planar structure and shows excellent chemical, mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Graphene oxide （GO） is a precursor of graphene, which similar to the two-dimensional structure of graphene. GO surface containing a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups,resulting has a good water-soluble dispersion. The good conductivity of GR materials can be obtained by the chemical reduction method of GO. The graphene materials compositing with other functional materials would further improve the complex physical and chemical properties, such as dispersibility, workability and electrocatalytic activity. The fabricated high performance electrochemical biosensors by combining graphene （including GO） with carbon nanomaterials, metallic nanoparticles, metal oxides, non-metallic, polymers or other functional biomolecule materials to form the composite functional modified materials were reviewed. The nanostructural features of the composite material were explored and the application of its functional structure for improving the electrocatalytic and electrochemical selectivity of the sensor was also discussed.

A review of domesticstudies on tourism destination image measurement

HU Meng-jiao, LIANG Yue-lin

2019, 58(7): 11-15. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.002

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The tourism destination image will directly affect the the travel decision-making behavior of tourists and tourism destination development.At the same time, the tourism destination image positioning, promotion and improvement must rely on scientific and accurate destination image measurement. 56 literature on tourism destination images from 1989 to 2015 were extracted from China Knowledge Network as the analysis samples,based on the retrospection of the contents of the destination image measurement, the author further made comparatively comprehensive arrangement, contrast and analysis on the structured and unstructured measuring methods of destination image used in research. The conclusions are that the three dimensions of destination image measurement are connected with each other, and the measurement contents of different levels are unified, which is beneficial to structural optimization of destination image dimension combining structured and unstructured measurement method is the future trend of the development of destination image measuring methods. The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematically theoretical reference for the future tourism destination image measurement research.

Characteristics and cultivation techniques for high yield and high efficiency of late-sown wheat under rice stubble

XIE Xu-dong, ZHOU Guo-qin, WU Guo-qiang, LI Gang, YIN Zhi-gang, LI Yu-feng, WANG Lei, CHEN Jing-ping

2019, 58(7): 16-18. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.003

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In order to increase the yield potential of late-sown wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） under rice stubble, the research summarized the characteristics of late-sown wheat under rice stubble and cultivation techniques for high yield and high efficiency of screening suitable varieties, increasing density, rational fertilization and strengthening the field management. In the way, it could deal with the negative factors of its growth stage, so that, the late-sown wheat under rice stubble could stabilize or even increase yield, which provided the theoretical basis for the production of weak-gluten wheat in southern Henan.

Correlation analysis of rice tillering ability between main and ratoon season under different growing environments

LIU Nian, ZHOU Yan-fei, LIU Zhang-yong, YANG Mei

2019, 58(7): 19-23. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.004

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In order to ascertain the correlation of rice tillering ability between main and ratoon season， and aim to provide germplasm resourse available not only for breeding， but also researching on related genetic analysis and physiological mechanism of strong regenerative ability rice， a total of 247 rice entities were adopted in this study collected from International Rice Research Institute（IRRI）. The experiment was conducted in Jingzhou city of Hubei province， Lingshui Li autonomous county of Hainan provice， Yingde city of Guangdong provice in 2017. Maximum tiller and fertile tiller number per plant were investigaed during main and ratoon season. The correlation between four tillering phenotypes of main and ratoon season， tillering ability and ratoon characteristics under the different growing environments was analyzed. Results indicated that maximum tiller and fertile tiller number both in main and ratoon season demonstrated significant positive correlation under three growing environments. Tillering ability showed significantly different under three growing environments， it was observed as Hubei， Hainan and Guangdong in descending order. Average ratooning rate of both indica and japonica subgroup was more than 130% under Hubei and Hainan growing environment， and there was no significant difference in between， no obvious difference was found at the same growing environment. Ratooning rate of indica and japonica subgroup in Guangdong was significantly higher than that in Hubei and Hainan. Our results indicated that a material with extremely high or low ratooning rate at one growing environment is not reproducible under another growing environment.

Preliminary study on the green production model of rice+duck+frog in Shishou city

FU Wei-xing, LIAO Han-yu, YUANG Hang, WANG Jia-dong, SUN Xian-hai

2019, 58(7): 24-26. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.005

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Since 2014, the green development has been explored in the whole area of Shishou city, Hubei province. The green production modes of "Rice+Duck+Frog" have been innovated and applied in rice production. 10 kinds of green prevention and control technologies for disease, pests and grasses were integrated. It has achieved good results in improving rice quality and ecological environment.

Study on the evaluation index and method of artificial weather engineering

SONG Li-xue, SONG Ji-tang, GU Qing-feng, ZHU Chuan-hai, WEI Ming, ZHENG Shi

2019, 58(7): 27-31. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.006

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In view of the specific characteristics of artificial weather engineering, the principles and characteristics of the design of the evaluation index of artificial weather engineering benefits were mainly discussed, the composition of the evaluation index system of artificial weather engineering benefits was expounded, and the evaluation index and evaluation method was explained. The establishment of the index system will be beneficial to the evaluation of the engineering benefits of weather modification in northeast China, and play a reference role in the evaluation of the engineering benefits of weather modification in other regions.

Effect of different proportion of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer on wheat yield

CHEN Ai-ping, SHEN Xin, SHEN Jia-he

2019, 58(7): 32-34. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.007

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The influence of different proportion of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer on wheat yield was studied through field experiment, so as to find the best proportion of organic fertilizer for wheat fertilization in Jintan district of Changzhou city of Jiangsu province. Results showed that combinative application of organic and inorganic fertilizer could effectively reduce inorganic fertilizer dosage, and wheat yield tended to increase first and then decrease with the increase of replacement ratio of organic fertilizer, of which 20% replacement effect was best, could effectively guarantee the wheat yield. But if replacement ratio of organic fertilizer was too high, it would cause wheat over-green growth and late-maturing, and was not conducive to high yield and the next season crop.

Effect of alternating current electric field on germination of ryegrass seed under uranium stress

YANG Tian, HUANG Lin-tao, XIONG Yao, YAO Ming-yu, CHENG Xin-yan, CHEN Ke

2019, 58(7): 35-38. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.008

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It is of great significance to develop phytoremediation by studying methods for promoting seed germination and plant growth of plant under uranium stress. The effect of different treatments of alternating current （AC） electric field on ryegrass（Lolium perenne L.） seed germination and seedling growth under uranium stress was studied. Results showed that, the treatment of uranium （1 mmol/L） caused significant stress on ryegrass in the period of seed germination and seedling growth（P<0.05）, and the treatments with electric field had less influence on the germination rate and germination index, but had larger influence on germination potential and vigor index of ryegrass seed under uranium stress. Besides, at high, medium and low level of electric field （1.5 V,15.0 V,150.0 V）, the treatments with electric field in 2 h showed more serious uranium stress effects on plant height, root length and biomass of ryegrass seedling, however, except the high level of electric field in 24 h, the treatments with electric field in 12 h and 24 h could significantly relieve the effects of uranium stress. With the appropriate electric field strength and treat-time, there may have little effect on the seed germination indicators of ryegrass seed under uranium stress, but it can promote the uranium resistance of seedlings.

Analysis and evaluation of soil fertility of greenhouse vegetable field in northwest Hebei province

WANG Ji-qing, LIU She-ping, LI Zhan-tai, AN Wen-bo, ZHANG Bao-yue

2019, 58(7): 39-42. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.009

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In order to find out soil fertility status of greenhouse vegetable field in Northwest Hebei province and provide theoretical basis for scientific management of soil nutrients, soil sampling and analysis were carried out for greenhouse vegetable field with different planting years. The results showed that soil pH value was 8.06, and soil pH value decreased with the increase of planting years, the average soil conductivity was 652.9 μS/cm, with the increase of planting years, soil conductivity of vegetable field increased gradually, and the accumulation of salt in soil increased gradually. Soil organic matter, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in greenhouse vegetable field was 38.9 g/kg,104.8 mg/kg,162.4 mg/kg and 284.7 mg/kg, respectively, which showed significant accumulation trend with the increase of planting years. It is suggested that fertilization should activate and utilize soil accumulative nutrients according to soil nutrient status and characteristics of vegetable nutrient requirement, and soil testing and formula fertilization should be carried out to reduce soil acidification and salinization in greenhouse vegetable field, and gained ecological and environmental benefits.

Water quality risk assessment in Baiguishan reservoir water source

LI Zhong-yuan, WANG Guo-zhong, ZHANG Ji-yu, CHENG Huan-ling, LI Yong-li, GUO Yu

2019, 58(7): 43-46. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.010

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Health risk assessment model was applied in Baiguishan reservoir to assess personal health hazard risk of genetic toxic and body toxic substances based on its measured data of water quality to control water environmental ecology and ensure the safety of water source. The results showed that annual personal health hazard risk of all kinds of pollutants was 4.38 ×10^-5 a^-1 from 2006 to 2015 in the reservoir, but the total risk values between 2006 and 2008 all reached 6.08×10^-5 a^-1, larger than the maximum acceptable annual value of 5.0×10^-5 a^-1, which was recommended by the International Radiation Protection Committee, and higher than the risk value of 1.0×10^-5 a^-1,which was suggested by Sweden and Netherlands. For drinking water pathway, the risk value order from high to low was ranked as Cr,As,Cd that carcinogenic substances to human health hazards, and the risk value from high to low was classed as F^-,Pb,Cu,Se,NH₃-N,Zn,Hg,CN^-, phenol that non-carcinogenic substances to human health hazards; the risk of carcinogens matters more dangerous to the human body than non-carcinogens. So, it is necessary to strengthen soil and water conservation work, strictly prevent agricultural non-point source pollution, promote scientific breeding, to further improve the water quality of the reservoir and ensure the safety of drinking water.

Comparative analysis on probability distribution function of spring precipitation：Taking Yibin city as an example

LIU Hui, LIU De-an

2019, 58(7): 47-51. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.011

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By utilizing spring precipitation data of Yibin city in Sichuan province from 1953 to 2010, normal distribution, Gamma distribution, logarithmic normal distribution, P-Ⅲ distribution were applied to study the region's precipitation distribution characteristics. Based on this, the minimum of sum square variation method was used for goodness of fit test of the four distribution functions. The result shows that the four distribution functions can all fit with precipitation distribution of spring in Yibin city. The goodness of fit tests show that logarithmic normal distribution is best fit with the precipitation distribution of spring in Yibin city, Gamma distribution is the second best. The fitting effect of P-III distribution and normal distribution is relatively poor.

Correlation analysis of cherry quality and microclimate factors in greenhouse

WANG Bing, YANG Jian-chao, GAO Rui-hua

2019, 58(7): 52-56. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.012

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In order to study the variation of microclimatic factors in greenhouses and the effects on cherry （Prunus avium L.）fruit quality in Yantai city, Shandong province, the observation experiment of cherry in greenhouse was carried out in Zhifu district, Yantai city from January to May in 2016. Through the observational records and comparative analysis of three experimental greenhouses and one control greenhouse and their external meteorological conditions, the optimum greenhouse climate for cherry production in Yantai area was concluded that 12~22 ℃ in daytime and 6~8 ℃ in night at flowering stage,13~23 ℃ in daytime and 8~10 ℃ in night at fruit expansion stage, 16~25 ℃ in daytime and 10~12 ℃ in night from coloring to harvesting stage, humidity of 50% during daytime, less than 80% at night, and luminance of 15 000 lx.

Effects of climate environmental factors on rice growth in greenhouse

DAI Wei, LU Bing-han, XU Ming-yu, HU Zhen-yang, TAN Guang-wen, YE Zhen-hua

2019, 58(7): 57-61. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.013

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Based on the rice（Oryza sative L.） garden project of the Huawei Atrium in Shenzhen city of Guangdong province, taking the outdoor rice cultivation as the control, the effects of climate and environment factors on the growth of rice plant after transplanting in the sightseeing greenhouse were compared from the aspects of light, temperature, humidity and wind speed, trying to provide theoretical support for the rice cultivation in the sightseeing greenhouse in the future. The results showed that after the rice transplanting, the low light intensity in the greenhouse environment inhibited the growth of the plant at the early stage of the vegetative growth. With the growing period of growth, the high temperature and humidity in the room made the rice plants rapidly growing and appeared to be spindling. But in the late stage of the vegetative growth, this environmental factor was decreasing but still had some inhibitory effects compared with the outdoor environment.

Spatial and temporal variation of land use structure in inland river basinof arid area：Take the Tarim River Basin as an example

GAO Yue, LIN Xin-ping

2019, 58(7): 62-66. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.014

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In order to understand the characteristics of land use structure change in arid inland areas of northwest China, taking the Tarim River Basin as an example, the dynamic change of land use, land use degree changes,spatial and temporal variation of land use structure was analyzed using the land use data from 2009 to 2015. The results showed that the area of construction land, cultivated land and other agricultural land in the Tarim River Basin increased from 2009 to 2015, and the area of garden land, woodland, grassland, water area and unused land continually decreased. The comprehensive land use index showed a growing trend, and the intensification degree of land use was gradually increased, but the overall level was low. The land use structure had an orderly and structurally steady growth, in which the land use structure of the Aksu area, the Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture and the Kashgar region was lower orderly and structurally, while the land use intensity in the Hetian area and the Bayingoyu Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture was low, and was higher orderly.

Application of analytic hierarchy process （AHP） in comprehensive evaluation of Rhododendron varieties in Xi'an open field

LI Ren-na, WANG Ya-ling, YAN Hui-ling, LI Yang, LIU Li-cheng, MAO Zhu-xin, BAI Guo-qing, LU Qiang-qiang

2019, 58(7): 67-70. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.015

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A comprehensive analysis of thirty azalea （Rhododendron simsii Planch.） varieties cultivated in Xi'an area was carried out by means of analytic hierarchy process（AHP）. According to the evaluation results of the selected indicators, thirty varieties were divided into 4 levels as follows. Level 1（≥4.75 points）, a total of four varieties; Level 2（4.00~4.50 points）, a total of ten varieties; Level 3（3.50~3.75 points）, a total of eleven varieties; Level 4（<3.50 points）, a total of five varieties. The comprehensive evaluation results are consistent with the actual planting performance of Rhododendron, which provides a scientific basis for the breeding and application of Rhododendron varieties in Xi'an city.

Correlation analysis between leaf and flower traits of Doritaenopsis Surf Song

LI Ao, GONG Zi-hui, ZHANG Jing-wei, SUN Ji-xia, ZHANG Ying-jie, FANG Yi-fu, GUO Wen-jiao, LIU Xue-qing

2019, 58(7): 71-74. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.016

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In order to elucidate the relationship between leaf characters and flowering characters of Doritaenopsis Surf Song, a general appearance quality identification standard was established. The leaf length, width, thickness and leaf area of Phalaenopsis from Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences were completed before flowering. The number of pedicel, the diameter of pedicel, the length of pedicel, the number of flowers, the diameter of flower and the thickness of petals were investigated. The correlation analysis was carried out by Excel 2017 and SPSS 19.0. The results showed that the leaf characters of Doritaenopsis Surf Song were highly correlated with the quality of flowers after flowering. First, second, third leaf length is larger, in the future, the number of the flowers is more, the flower diameter, petal thickness and pedicel diameter of the future plant are larger, and have higher quality flowering character. This simple leaf trait can effectively predict the quality of the future flower after flowering and provide a simple and feasible method for screening plant seedlings.

Effects of nitrogen management on the growth,yield and quality of Honghua Dajinyuan

XIANG Yu-hua, TANG Li-wei, GUAN Yu, YAN Fang-fang, DAI Sha

2019, 58(7): 75-78. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.017

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In the Panzhihua tobacco planting area, the effects of different nitrogen application rates and the ratio of base and dressing fertilizer on the growth and quality of Honghua Dajinyuan were studied, which was planted on the medium fertility bench terrace. The results showed that, under the condition of dressing fertilizer： earth-up fertilizer=1.75∶0.8, no matter the total nitrogen application rate is 3.95 kg/667 m² or 2.95 kg/667 m², the single leaf weight of treatment is higher, the degree of leaf expansion is good, the output value and the percentage of superior leaves are the highest, and the chemical composition is coordinated, the aroma quality and the aroma quantity are the highest. According to the comprehensive analysis, under the conditions of the nitrogen application amount is 3.95 kg/667 m², and the base fertilizer∶dressing fertilizer∶earth-up fertilizer=1.4∶1.35~1.75∶0.8~1.2 is the best.

Analysis on pyrolysis products of the aqueous extract from Polygonatum and its application in cigarette

LI Hong-xia, YANG Shang-ying, LIU Li-fen, BAO Xiu-ping, YUAN Lin-cui

2019, 58(7): 79-82. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.018

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Pyrolysis analysis and sensory evaluation were carried out to study the effects of the extract from Polygonatum on cigarettes sensory qualities. The results showed that,13,30 and 62 kinds of constituents were identified in the pyrolysis products at 300,600 and 900 ℃; the pyrolysis product contains many aromatic substances such as fural, 2-furanmethanol, pyrazine and organic acids, 5-（hydroxymethyl）-2-furancarboxaldehyde, which can improve sensory quality of cigarettes. The sensory evaluation revealed that the extract from Polygonatum can significantly improve aromatic quality,increase the sense of sweet,reduce the stimulus and drying sense of smoke. In general, the extract from Polygonatum can reduce offensive taste, increase comfort and improve sensory quality in cigarette.

Planning and design of ecological breeding farm for 1 000 basic sows

WU Xiao-li, LI Yan

2019, 58(7): 83-88. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.019

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The project was based on 1 000 basic sow ecological breeding farms construction in Chenzhuang village, Donghan town, Fuqing city, Fujian province. There are three breeds of pigs, namely Duroc, Yorkshire and Landrace, and the breeding methods are pureectopic. Ectopic fermentation system was used for dirt treatment, biogas digester and A/O system was used for sewage treatment, and harmless composting technology was used for treatment of dead pigs. In order to achieve a virtuous circle of substances in the farm, this project added green agricultural product base, by planting rice, pennisetum, vegetables, houttuynia cordata, and citrus trees, the organic fertilizer produced by heterotopic fermentation and harmless composting can be eliminated, so as to recycle resources and zero discharge emissions. The construction of the project will promote the development of local green economy and it is expected to provide 20 000 high-quality purebred pigs each year for the whole country from small to large-scale commercial pig farms and F1 gilt expansion farms.

Inhibition effect of various Chinese traditional medicines on avian Pasteurella multocida C48-1

CAI Meng, ZHANG Wen-ting, WANG Zui, WANG Chen, SHAO Hua-bin, LUO Qing-ping, JIANG Tao

2019, 58(7): 89-91. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.020

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The experiment was conducted to explore the inhibition effect of magnolol,palmatine,cortex fraxini,emodin and cortex phellodendri on avian Pasteurella multocida C48-1 determined by disk diffusion method and double dilution method. The results of vitro antibacterial effect indicated that the diameter of inhibition zone of magnolol,palmatine,cortex fraxini were 22.0,11.3,15.6 mm,and the MIC were 8,256,64 μg/mL,and the MBC were 16,512,256 μg/mL,respectively. Emodin and cortex phellodendri had no antibacterial effect on P.multocida C48-1. Magnolol had the strongest antibacterial effect, followed by cortex fraxini,and palmatine had the weakest antibacterial effect on P.multocida C48-1. When P.multocida C48-1 were cultured in the content that magnolol was 6 μg/mL,the growth rate was significantly inhibited compared with the control group. P.multocida C48-1 won’t be completely inhibited until the magnolol’s content reached 8 μg/mL. According to the results of vivo antibacterial effect, the protective rate of magnolol was up to 50% when Jianghan chickens was infected by P. multocida C48-1. This study also provides an important basis for further studying to protect avian P. multocida disease.

Synthesis and identification of enramycin artificial antigen

YE Jian-qiang, YU Hua, KANG Run-min, YAN Yu-bao, XIE Jing, HU Juan, LIAO Dang-jin, ZHOU Min-jiang, XIAO Lu, CUI Peng-bo, CAO Ye, YE Yong-gang, YU Ji-feng, LI Xing-yu, LIN Yi, PAN Meng, WEI Yong, DAI Zhuo-jian

2019, 58(7): 92-95. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.021

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In order to establish an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） for examing residual Enramycin （Er） in food. The antibody with high titer and specificity must be firstly prepared. So it was necessary for antibody production to conjugate the hapten （Er） with a carrier protein to synthesize immunogent（antigen）. Enramycin was coupled with carrier protein bovine serum albumin （BSA） to obtain immunogent （Er-BSA） by glutaraldehyde （GA） method and with ovalnumin （OVA） to obtain coating antigen（Er-OVA） by GA respectively. The successful linkage of Er-BSA and Er-OVA were identified by UV spectrophotometry. The UV spectral characterization demonstrated that Er-BSA and Er-OVA were successfully synthesized at 270~280 nm. The coupling ratios between Er and BSA or OVA were determined to be 26∶1, respectively.

SD/HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis of volatile components of Artemsia argyi

ZHOU Yi, LU Jin-qing, GONG Min, XIAO Yu-shuo

2019, 58(7): 96-98. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.022

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The volatile components of Artemsia argyi were extracted by steam distillation（SD） and head space solid phase micro-extraction（HS-SPME）,respectively,and their composition and relative content were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The results showed that 42 components were separated by SD-GC-MS and 22 components were identified,accounting for 75.95% of the total volatile oil;53 components were separated by HS-SPME-GC-MS and 28 components were identified,accounting for 74.11% of the total volatile components. There are some differences in the volatile components extracted from the two different pretreatment methods of SD and HS-SPME. The combined analysis of the volatile components of folium artemisiae argy can provide more comprehensive information.

Effects of processing technology on phenols and volatile components in pomegranate leaves tea

ZHANG Bo-sheng, LI Tie-zhu, CHENG Ni-ni, ZHANG Li-hua

2019, 58(7): 99-104. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.023

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The contents of phenolic compounds in the samples were measured using spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） method, and the volatile components was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） method, in addition Longjing, Zhengshanxiaozhong and Tieguanyin tea as control of green tea, red tea and oolong tea. The results showed that total phenolic contents of pomegranate green tea, red tea and oolong tea are 156.73, 137.44 and 123.1 mg/g respectively, and higher than those of the control; the ellagic acid contents of samples have little difference, maintaining at 2.11~2.39 mg/g; the catechin contents of them are 6.02, 1.49 and 7.01 mg/g respectively, and lower than the corresponding control, especially that of the red tea is the lowest only 26% of Zhengshanxiaozhong. 26, 33 and 34 kinds of volatile components were identified from pomegranate green tea, red tea and oolong tea, and with 3, 5 and 8 kinds of unique ingredients respectively. It is suggested that the effects of different processing technology on the contents of phenolic compounds and volatile components of pomegranate leaf tea are significant, comparing with pomegranate green tea, total phenolic content of red tea and oolong tea reduced significantly and the tea astringency decreased. The volatile component species of pomegranate red tea and oolong tea are more than green tea, and with more rich special elements, thus forming unique aroma types of different technology.

Determination of mineral elements and organic acids in Parmelia sulcataat different altitudes

ZHANG Yao-yao, AOEN Baolige

2019, 58(7): 105-107. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.024

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In this study, the content of mineral elements in Parmelia sulcata at different altitudes was determined. The results show that with the increase of altitude, the content of mineral elements in Parmelia sulcata has also changed accordingly. Among them, mineral elements As,Cd,Hg,Pb,Se,Li,Sr,Mn,Zn,S,K,Mg,Ca,Fe,P decrease with the increase of poster height,Co,Cu,Ni,B,Cr,Na,Ti,and Al increase with increasing altitude. At the same time, there is a certain difference in the enrichment ability of different mineral elements in Parmelia sulcata. The results show that the Parmelia sulcata has the strongest enrichment ability for mineral elements Al and P. However the organic acid content gradually decreases with increasing altitude.

Determination of naphthalene and its derivatives by using accelerated solvent extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

ZHANG Li, LI Ke, LIU Jia, ZHANG Chen-ling

2019, 58(7): 108-110. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.025

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A method that accelerated solvent extraction of naphthalene and its derivatives was carried out in this research. A soil sample, mixed with some silica sand, was placed in the extract cell. Objectives were extracted by dichloromethane-acetone（V∶V,1∶1） at extraction temperature of 100 ℃ and extraction pressure of 10.342 2 MPa for 10 min. The eluent was purfied using florisil silica column after concentrated by K-D. Then naphthalene and its derivatives were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using a DB-5MS column. Spiked recoveries of three concentrations ranged from 64.0%~102.6% with relative standard deviation 7.6%~15.2%（n=7）.

Processing of steamed rhubarb and determination of 5 kinds of free anthraquinones

ZENG Hai-sheng, CHEN Yong, XIE Zhen, WEI Jiang-cun, YANG Meng-xia, ZHANG Xin, HU Xiao-lan, WEI Le-liang

2019, 58(7): 111-114. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.026

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To determine the contents of 5 kinds of free anthraquinones in steamed rhubarb by HPLC. The column was Thermo BDS HYPERSII C18 column （4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm）, with methanol -0.1% phosphoric acid （76∶24） aqueous solution as mobile phase, detection wavelength was 254 nm, flow rate. 1.0 mL/min, column temperature 30 ℃, injection volume 10 μL. The results showed that aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and emodin methyl ether showed good linear relationship in the linear range of 0.020 7~0.414 0 μg（R²=0.999 9）, 0.172 1~3.442 0 μg（R²=0.999 6）, 0.020 3~0.406 0 μg（R²=0.999 9）,0.148 0~2.960 0 μg（R²=0.999 8）, 0.164 0~3.280 0 μg（R²=0.999 3）. This method can be used as a quality control method for rhubarb and its different processed products.

Research on competitive evaluation of agricultural products processing and listed enterprises

JI Xiao-xian, GU Wen-lin

2019, 58(7): 115-121. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.027

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With the arrival of the new economic normal, China's agricultural product processing enterprises have ushered in new development opportunities, but at the same time they also face various constraints in the internal and external environment of enterprises. In this context, China's A-share listed agricultural product processing enterprises are taken as research samples, and the catastrophe progression method is taken as the main research method. The entropy method and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis are used as auxiliary research methods, and the competitiveness of sample enterprises is obtained step by step. The score results were evaluated and a comparative analysis was performed both horizontally and vertically. The results show that management competitiveness is a key factor affecting the competitiveness of agricultural product processing enterprises. Basic competitiveness is the solid foundation for the competitiveness of agricultural product processing enterprises. Potential competitiveness is a strong driving force to enhance the competitiveness of agricultural products processing enterprises.

Comparative study on city urban accessibility and economic linkage along Xinjiang railway

DOU Yan, WANG Zhi-hao, SONG Xiang-rong

2019, 58(7): 122-126. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.028

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Under the current "One Belt, One Road" background, Xinjiang railway construction has entered a stage of great development. The cities in Xinjiang are typical oasis cities, which are far apart. The railway construction not only shortens the time and space distance along the line, but also improves the accessibility level between the regions, and promotes the social and economic links between the regions. By comparing and analyzing the traffic accessibility and economic linkages of 13 major stations in the west and east along the route from Kashgar in 2011 and 2016 in Xinjiang, it is recognized that in 2016, the accessibility and economic ties between cities have improved significantly, but there are still obvious differences. The traffic in the area where the traffic was relatively convenient is more convenient; the economic growth of the counties and cities along the railways around Urumqi is significant; and the farther the distance is, the less obvious the increase. The regional economic development level of the 13-node cities has decreased, and the regional development imbalance has declined.

Benefit evaluation of Shennongjia watershed comprehensive management in 2011—2016

ZENG Zhi

2019, 58(7): 127-131. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.029

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In order to improve the ecological environment and social and economic benefits of Shennongjia River Basin, the Xiangxi River, Nanhe River, Duhe River and Yandu River Basin in Shennongjia Forest Area are taken as research objects, combined with the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, historical data of the literature, and survey access data, the analytic hierarchy process is used to construct the evaluation index system of the comprehensive management of Shennongjia watershed, and the evaluation model is constructed by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The response of water conservation ecological, economic and social benefits to the Shennongjia watershed management work before and after the implementation of the forest disaster prevention and mitigation are compared and analyzed. The results show that the evaluation level of comprehensive management benefits of Shennongjia River Basin in the past 6 years has been "good"; and the growth rate of comprehensive management benefits is 5.82%, of which the ecological growth rates of disaster prevention and social are 3.23% and 3.48%, respectively. The low efficiency of treatment indicates that the ecological environment restoration in the Yangtze River Delta is a century-long project, which cannot be achieved overnight; the mitigation and water conservation and economic benefits of the agricultural forest area are very significant, with growth rates of 4.70% and 4.56%, respectively, indicating that the ecological economic benefits of Shennongjia forest area are growing fast. On this basis, the policy recommendations for promoting the restoration of the ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin and the sustainable development of the ecological economy of Shennongjia Forest Region are put forward.

Analysis on the soil management of climate-smart agriculture

WANG Chao, HU Wan-ling, WANG Hong-ling, BAI Zhen-zhong

2019, 58(7): 132-135. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.030

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Climate-smart agriculture is a new model of agricultural development, and it is also a high-level agricultural development that responds to global climate change. Based on the analysis of the connotation and function of climate-smart agricultural soil management, the basic principles of resilience of climate-smart agricultural soil management are discussed. The climate-smart agricultural soil management will face challenges including dual pressures of carbon sequestration and reduction of food, diversification from soil pollution forms, traditional and laggard methods of land cultivation, and so on, and at last some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are given.

Study on the relationship between economic growth and water environment pollution in Zhejiang province

LI Ya-ting

2019, 58(7): 136-139. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.031

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Based on the data of Zhejiang province in 2002~2016, combined with the relevant theories of EKC model, the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution was analyzed, and the regression model of industrial waste water discharge and domestic waste water discharge and per capita GDP was constructed. The results show that there is an inverted "U" type EKC curve between industrial waste water discharge and per capita GDP, while the domestic waste water discharge and per capita GDP show a positive "U" type EKC curve. And in the next few years, the discharge of industrial wastewater in Zhejiang Province will continue to decline with economic growth, and the discharge of domestic wastewater will increase with the growth of the economy. The governance of water pollution still has a long way to go, it is advocated that who pollutes who pays, increasing the fines for the discharge of domestic waste water and introducing third-party supervision mechanisms.

Research on influencing factors of “internet+fresh agricultural products” industrial development based on SEM model

LI Tian-qi, HUANG Wei

2019, 58(7): 140-144. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.032

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The status quo of "internet + fresh agricultural products" industry integration is analyzed, and 7 constraints of the "internet + fresh agricultural products" industry development, the concept quality of employees, government guidance and constraints, hardware facilities environment, logistics and distribution, sales model, evaluation system and after-sales service and industry added value, are puts forward. The SEM model was used to construct the influencing factor evaluation system, and the improvement countermeasures were proposed for each factor.

Research on the marketing path of geographical indication products based on rural e-commerce：Taking kiwi fruit in meixian county of Baoji for example

BAI Rui, WAN Hong-lian, MAO Nan, SHI Yan

2019, 58(7): 145-148. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.033

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Taking the kiwi fruit industry of Baoji Meixian County as an example,in order to study the sales status and development advantages of kiwifruit sales in e-commerce mode, the qualitative and quantitative analysis are used to investigate and interview the kiwi fruits sellers. The results show that there are some problems among power quotient, individual operating standard, logistics system and policy execution. According to the actual facts, some advice are put forward for the reasonable and healthy development of kiwi fruits industry. It is sincerely hoped that a good guidance case can be provided for the realization of electronic commerce and the healthy and orderly development of geographical indication products in other areas.

Research on agricultural models of characteristic towns from the perspective of integration

BI Ting-ting, HU Han, LIU Li-chun, GUO De-fang, YIN Fang, WANG Chang-mei, ZHAO Xing-ling, WU Kai, ZHANG Wu-di

2019, 58(7): 149-152. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.034

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The construction of agricultural characteristic towns begins with realistic appeals and is an effective way to achieve rural revitalization. In order to promote the healthy and vigorous development of agricultural characteristics towns, the agricultural development model is explored from an integration perspective. The results show that the models of agriculture+tourism, agriculture+internet, agriculture+sports are effective forms of the development of agricultural characteristic towns. The structure of the development model of agricultural characteristic towns should follow the three-dimensional system of leading and balancing, commonality and individuality, compliance and return, coordinating spatial layout, gathering resource elements, promoting the organic integration of sunrise industry and characteristic towns, and embarking on a road suitable for the development of China's agricultural characteristic towns.

Land transfer problem under the background of new urbanization and its impact on population flow

CAO Zhi-jie, LU Li-li

2019, 58(7): 153-156. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.035

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On the basis of combing the relevant literature, the land transfer policy was sorted out in the context of new urbanization, the problems existing in the land transfer as well as the impact of land transfer on the population flow since the reform of the three powers are discussed, so as to deeply analyze the relationship between land transfer and population flow.

A probe into the factors affecting the endowment aspiration of rural elderly：Taking the CD city of HB province as an example

HONG Hai-hong

2019, 58(7): 157-161. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.07.036

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The SPSS 20.0 software was used to carry out binary logistic regression analysis on 236 survey data of elderly people in rural areas of CD city in HB province, and to explore the influencing factors of rural old-age institutions' willingness to care for the elderly. The results show that the family economic status and the monthly income of the elderly are the biggest influencing factors affecting the elderly's willingness to care for the elderly. The gender, marital status and self-care ability of the elderly have certain influence on their institutional pension willingness. It is suggested that by improving the level of rural old-age system security and rationally utilizing the resources of the elderly to improve the economic security capacity of the elderly, it is also necessary to strengthen the construction and improvement of rural old-age facilities.

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