Abstract: The current situation of rural water pollution is not optimistic and the task of water pollution control in rural areas is arduous.Taking Jiangsu province as an example, the sources of pollution were analyzed, the results showed that there were many difficulties in controlling pollution, such as omnipotent government regulation, urban-rural dual structure solidification, water environmental public goods attributes and farmers' own demands and limitations. In order to protect the rural water environment, it is necessary to improve the governance mechanism of rural water environment. From the perspective of collaborative governance, the mechanism of government, market, social coordination and public participation should be established, and a network of collaborative governance of rural water environment should be constructed to promote the construction of rural ecological civilization and sustainable economic development.

Key words: rural water environment, collaborative governance, governance mechanism