HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

The performance of growth, development and quality traits of vegetable sweet potato under different shading degrees

LEI Jian, ZHANG Yue-hua, HUANG Lan, ZHANG Heng, WEI Wei, YIN An-le, ZHANG Yan, TONG Zheng, YUAN Man, REN Hao-ran, LI Qiang, OUYANG Xiu-feng, LIU Huan, BAI Ying-guang, JIN Xiao-jie, WANG Lian-jun, CHAI Sha-sha, YANG Xin-sun

2025, 64(5): 1-4. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.001

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Taking vegetable sweet potato varieties (Ipomoea batatas L.) Fushu 18, Eshu 10 and Huangjinye as test materials, the effects of different shading degrees on yield, physiological indexes and photosynthetic parameters of vegetable sweet potato were investigated by simulating photovoltaic agricultural conditions with 0(CK), 30%, 50% and 70% shading treatments on the twentieth day after planting. The results showed that, with the increase of shading degree, the shoot tip yield of three kinds of vegetable sweet potato decreased significantly, and shading had a significant negative impact on the yield of vegetable sweet potato. Among them, Eshu 10 had a obvious yield advantage. Shading had a significant effect on the photosynthetic response and chlorophyll content in vegetable sweet potatoes. With the increase of shading degree, the total chlorophyll content of the three kinds of vegetable potatoes increased and the net photosynthetic rate decreased. Among them, Eshu 10 had a higher photosynthetic rate and total chlorophyll content under severe shading, indicating that Eshu 10 had stronger adaptability to shading environment. In general, moderate shading was beneficial to the increase of sucrose content in vegetable sweet potato, while severe shading affected the accumulation of sucrose, and shading was not conducive to the accumulation of soluble sugar and starch. Shading at 30% and 50% was beneficial to the accumulation of total phenolics, total flavonoids and chlorogenic acid in vegetable sweet potato, and Eshu 10 obtained higher phenolic content under moderate shading. The results of this study indicated that Eshu 10 was more suitable for planting under the agricultural photovoltaic complementary mode.

Research progress on silicon mutants in rice

LIU Fen, QU Cheng, HONG Chao-yi, XIAO Jian-ping, ZHU Shi-jun, HAO Ming

2025, 64(5): 5-9. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.002

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Silicon is one of the important nutrients that promote the growth and development of rice. It can not only promote rice growth and development, but also improve the photosynthetic efficiency, yield and quality of rice, and enhance the resistance to disease, pest and stress of rice. The sources of silicon mutants, types of silicon mutants, accumulation and distribution of silicon in rice, physiological and molecular mechanisms of silicon accumulation mutants, and the role of rice high silicon accumulation mutants were comprehensively analyzed, in order to provide a theoretical basis for future research on silicon mutants in rice.

Effects of drought on cadmium content in rice and soil and cadmium resistance-associated microorganisms

ZHANG Hui, WANG Yi, HANG Xiao-ning, ZHANG Jian, LIAO Dun-xiu, TANG Rong-li

2025, 64(5): 10-16. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.003

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Samples were collected from typical drought-affected fields in mid-altitude regions, including rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants and soils under mild, moderate and severe drought stress. The content of cadmium in soil and different parts of rice was determined, and the community diversity and composition of soil cadmium-resistant microorganisms were analyzed by Illumina MiSeq technique. The results showed that the cadmium content in soil was in the increasing order of severe drought, moderate drought and light drought, and the cadmium content in each part of rice showed the opposite trend, but the differences were all not significant. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the number of cadmium resistance-associated microorganisms was the highest under moderate drought, followed by mild drought, and the least under severe drought. NMDS analysis showed that drought exposure significantly affected the structure of cadmium resistance-associated microbial communities. The analysis of microbial communities showed that Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes and Actinobacteria were the main microbial phyla in the three groups, but the relative abundance of each phyla was different. Under severe drought, the relative abundance of Planctomycetes was significantly increased, while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased. At the genus level, Gemmata was the most dominant microorganism across all three drought-treated groups. Notably, its abundance in severe drought soil was significantly higher than that in mild and moderate drought soils. Under moderate drought, the relative abundance of Azospirillum increased significantly, whereas under mild drought, the relative abundances of Haliangium, Pseudomonas, and Alloactinosynnema showed significant increases. Severe drought increased the Cd content of brown rice and affected the structure and composition of cadmium resistance-associated microbial communities. Therefore, proper water management was expected to reduce the migration of heavy metals in soil and realize the safe use of cultivated land.

Species diversity of wood-inhabiting-fungi in Funiu Mountains of Nanyang City and Sanmenxia City,Henan Province

MA Rui, ZHANG Dao-ran, GAO Yan-qi, YANG Qian-wen, CHEN Jia-jia, ZHANG Dang-quan, CHEN Yuan-yuan

2025, 64(5): 17-24. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.004

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The wood-inhabiting-fungi of Funiu Mountains in Nanyang City and Sanmenxia City of Henan Province were investigated and collected, and 483 samples were collected. A total of 147 fungal species were identified using both morphological and molecular approaches. Among them, 3 species were classified in 2 classes, 3 orders, 3 families, 3 genera in Ascomycota, and 144 species were classified in 3 classes, 9 orders, 43 families, 97 genera in Basidiomycota. Among these, 33 species were newly recorded in Henan Province. The dominant families were Polyporaceae and Hymenochaetaceae, while the dominant genera were Trametes, Stereum and Ganoderma. According to the analysis of floristic geographical components, the family-level of wood-inhabiting-fungi of the study areas was divided into three types, including world cosmopolitan families, north temperate families and tropical-subtropical families. Fungal genera were classified into six distribution patterns, including the cosmopolitan genus, the north temperate distribution genus, the tropical Asia-Australasia distribution genus, the pantropical distribution genus, the tropical-subtropical distribution genus, and the China-endemic genus. The floristic similarity of wood-inhabiting fungi between Funiu Mountains and adjacent mountains and protection zone were compared, and the results revealed the highest similarity coefficient between Funiu Mountains and Qinling-Bashan Mountain. According to resource evaluation, 9 edible species, 34 medicinal species, 16 dual-purpose species (edible-medicinal), and 16 toxic species (including 1 toxic-medicinal species) were identified. Threat status assessment following Redlist of China’s Biodiversity-Macrofungi classified 85 species as least concern (lc), 31 as data deficient (dd), 27 as not evaluated (ne), 2 as near threatened (nt) and 2 as vulnerable (vu).

Isolation of selenium-resistant strain Bacillus cereus ZJ2 and the effects of four carbon sources on the stability of selenium nanoparticles synthesized by the strain

HE Jia-li, LIU Meng-qi, ZHONG Wen-yi, HE Yi, WANG Zhang-qian, CHENG Shui-yuan

2025, 64(5): 25-32. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.005

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To better utilize microorganisms for environmental bioremediation, reduce selenium pollution in soil, and rationally exploit selenium resources, a selenium-tolerant strain, ZJ2, was isolated from selenium-rich soil in Yutangba, Enshi City, Hubei Province. Molecular biological identification confirmed it as Bacillus cereus. This strain exhibited high tolerance and reduction capability to sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃), converting it into stable biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). Additionally, the effects of four different carbon sources on the sodium selenite reduction efficiency and the stability of synthesized SeNPs were investigated. The results showed that strain ZJ2 had a 92% reduction capacity to 5 mmol/L sodium selenite. The bio-nanoselenium synthesised by this strain was spherical particles with an average particle size of (188.42±2.63) nm and a Zeta potential of (-41.17±1.77) mV. It was found that the addition of rhamnose and glucose promoted the reduction of sodium selenite by strain ZJ2, with an increase in the reduction rate of 37.48% and 39.53%, respectively. In addition, rhamnose had a good promoting effect on the synthesis of stable selenium nanoparticles by the strain. Based on a comprehensive evaluation of the sodium selenite reduction capability, characterization of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and their stability, it was demonstrated that the addition of rhamnose significantly enhanced the ability of Bacillus cereus ZJ2 to efficiently synthesize more stable biogenic SeNPs.

Effects of rice straw returning combined with nitrogen fertilizer on carbon and nitrogen of soil,and growth characteristics and yield of wheat

LI Meng-juan, YAN Yu-hang, LI Mu-rong, SHI Li-li, KEM SENOU PAVEL DARYL, WANG Xiao-yan

2025, 64(5): 33-41. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.006

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To determine the optimal combination of straw returning and nitrogen fertilizer in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation within the rice-wheat rotation system of the Jianghan Plain,a field experiment was conducted using a split-plot design. Three straw returning treatments of no straw returning (NSR),half straw returning (HSR),and full straw returning (TSR) were tested. Four N fertilization levels of N0 (0 kg/hm²),N1 (90 kg/hm²),N2 (180 kg/hm²),and N3 (270 kg/hm²) were also applied. The effects of these treatments on soil carbon and nitrogen contents, population photosynthetic parameters, aboveground dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat were studied. The results showed that HSR and TSR combined with N2 and N3 could effectively increase soil organic carbon in 0~20 cm soil layer. HSR combined with N2 and N3 could increase soil total nitrogen content. HSR combined with N3 could increase soil nitrate nitrogen content in the wintering stage. TSR combined with N2 and N3 could increase soil ammonium nitrogen content in 0~10 cm soil layer from the flowering stage to the maturity stage. HSR+N3 treatment significantly increased the flag leaf relative chlorophyll content and population leaf area index of wheat after booting, so that it had higher aboveground dry matter accumulation. Straw returning increased the proportion after anthesis, while the increase of nitrogen application rate increased the proportion of dry matter accumulation before anthesis. Straw returning combined with nitrogen fertilizer significantly affected wheat yield, and the yield of HSR+N3 treatment was the highest. In conclusion, in the Jianghan Plain’s rice-wheat rotation system, half straw returning combined with 180~270 kg/hm² of N fertilizer could maximize wheat yield and effectively improve soil nutrient content.

Spatial differentiation and influencing factors of carrying capacity of land resources in Hebei Province based on broad food concept

MA Xiao-qian, SUN Lei-gang, ZUO Lu, LU Jun-jing, HAO Qing-tao

2025, 64(5): 42-48. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.007

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Food and nutrition security is an important part of food security. To find out the carrying capacity of land resources in Hebei Province based on the broad food concept is very important to ensure regional food security. The carrying capacity of land resources in Hebei Province was estimated based on the dietary nutrition requirements of residents, the spatial differentiation was analyzed by Theil index, and the main influencing factors were analyzed by the geographical detector. The results showed that the land carrying capacity index of the whole province in 2022 showed a spatial distribution of “two areas with high values and one area with a low value”, that was, the east and north were high and the south was low. The overall spatial difference of the land carrying capacity index was large, which mainly came from intra-regional differences. Intra-regional differences were mainly reflected in urbanized areas. From the perspective of load type, the overload area was mainly distributed in Taihang Mountain, Yanshan Mountain, Bashang and urban center, the basic balance area was scattered, and the surplus area was mainly distributed in the southern plain area and the coastal plain area of eastern Hebei Province. The results of the geographic detector showed that the urban-rural income gap was the most important factor affecting the spatial difference of land carrying capacity in the province, and the main influencing factors varied in different subregions.

Application of the MCLP-CC model in the optimization of village layout in Changyuan City

WU Xiao-li, REN Chun-tai, ZHANG De-zhou, LIN Hua

2025, 64(5): 49-55. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.008

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The studied object was to optimize the spatial layout of villages and improve the accessibility and equalization of rural public services in Changyuan City, Henna Province. By introducing the compensatory coverage to maximum coverage location problem (MCLP-CC) model, comprehensively considering the service scope and demand of various types of public service facilities, and combining with the road network data set of Changyuan City, a mathematical model of village spatial layout optimization was constructed. The MCLP-CC model was designed in detail to ensure that the model could accurately reflect the actual situation. The results found that the current spatial layout of villages in Changyuan City had the problem of unequal coverage of public service facilities. After the optimization of MCLP-CC model, the coverage of public service facilities in villages was significantly improved, and the equalization of rural public services was effectively improved.

Spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of land use green transformation in the middle reaches of the Yellow River

GUO Kai-lu, WANG Jing

2025, 64(5): 56-62. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.009

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In order to promote ecological protection and high-quality development in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and improve the comprehensive benefits of land resource utilization, based on the relevant data of the middle reaches of the Yellow River from 2000 to 2020, quantitative methods such as land use transfer matrix, land use dynamic degree evaluation and land use gravity center migration model were used to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of land use green transformation in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. The results showed that, during the study period, the area of agricultural land in the middle reaches of the Yellow River continued to decrease, with a large amount of agricultural land transformed into forest ecological land and grassland ecological land. The gravity center of agricultural land was distributed in Linfen City, and the migration trajectory was not obvious. The area of industrial production land continued to increase, and the gravity center was distributed in Linfen City and tended to move northeast. The area of forest ecological land, grass ecological land and water ecological land showed an overall growth trend, while the area of other ecological land showed a downward trend. The gravity center of grass ecological land and water ecological land was distributed in the central part of Linfen City, the gravity center of forest ecological land was distributed in Yuncheng City, and the migration trajectories of the three types of ecological land were not obvious. The gravity center of other ecological land in the early and late stages fell in Lyuliang City and Linfen City respectively. The area of living land in the middle reaches of the Yellow River continued to increase, and the gravity center of urban living land was distributed in the southern part of Linfen City, while the gravity center of rural living land was distributed in the northern part of Yuncheng City.

Inversion of soil hydrodynamic parameters based on improved butterfly optimization algorithm

LIU Xue, LIANG Su-yu, ZHU Yan-jie, WANG Huai-yu

2025, 64(5): 63-69. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.010

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To effectively obtain the parameters to reflect the process of water movement in soil, a hydrodynamic parameter inversion model was proposed based on an improvd butterfly optimization algorithm (IBOA). Building upon the theoretical framework of soil water movement equations, firstly, the butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA) was used to find the optimal solution through the combination of global search and local search, and the switching probability in the BOA was obtained through the random walk algorithm, so as to improve the situation that the algorithm was easy to fall into the local optimum. Secondly, the improved algorithm was applied to the data under the conditions of using HYDRUS-1D to simulate the uniform distribution of unsaturated soil moisture in the initial water content. At last, the appropriate objective function was selected and the improved butterfly optimization algorithm was used for inversion. The results showed that the average relative error of the parameter inversion value of the improve butterfly optimization algorithm was 0.22%~3.60%, which could better invert soil hydrodynamic parameters. The improved butterfly optimization algorithm could effectively improve the accuracy of the estimated parameters and obtain high-quality global optimal solutions.

Application of LSTM and EnKF methods in agricultural soil rainfall-runoff simulation

LIN Lin, GAO Zhao-tian, DING Yi-jia, HU Xiao-long, ZHANG Zhong-bin

2025, 64(5): 70-79. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.011

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The relationship between rainfall and runoff is of great significance for the allocation of water resources and the protection of water and land resources in agricultural areas, but it is difficult to deal with the rainfall-runoff process under different land use types in small watersheds. The long short-term memory model (LSTM) and the Xinʼanjiang model combined with ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) technology were used to explore the simulation effectiveness of data-driven machine learning (ML) model on rainfall-runoff process under different land use patterns, and the simulation effectiveness was compared with that of SWAT hydrological model. The estimation effectiveness of EnKF on hydrological parameters ensembles in the Xinʼanjiang model and the patterns of filter-estimated parameters were studied, and the runoff processes for different agricultural land use types based on the calibrated parameters were simulated. The results showed that the runoff value was easier to learn in the case of high runoff with a slightly small slope and the low runoff process with a large slope. The simulation accuracy and stability of the SWAT model were not as good as those of the LSTM model, but SWAT model could reflect the local soil hydrological conditions to a certain extent, which was convenient for genetic analysis. The EnKF technology had the functions of parameter update and parameter estimation, which could optimize the runoff simulation effectiveness of the Xinʼanjiang model.

Preparation of polyclonal antibody against coat protein of pinellia isolate of soybean mosaic virus

LI Xin-yun, ZHOU Yi, FANG Shou-guo

2025, 64(5): 80-82. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.012

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To establish a rapid detection method for soybean mosaic virus (SMV), the primary pathogen causing mosaic disease in Pinellia ternata, the coat protein gene of SMV was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and its prokaryotic expression vector was constructed. The purified fusion-expressed protein was used as an antigen to immunize rabbits for the preparation of polyclonal antibodies. The results showed that the prepared antiserum exhibited a titer of 1∶102,400 as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), a Western blot detection limit of 300 ng for the antigen, and demonstrated strong specificity.

Physiological and biochemical studies on germination dynamics of Taxillus chinensis seeds

FENG Chang-cun, LIANG Lu, LIANG Wen-jing, GUI Ling-jian, SONG Li-sha, PAN Li-mei, FU Jin-e, WAN Ling-yun, WEI Shu-gen

2025, 64(5): 83-89. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.013

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Using Taxillus chinensis seeds with pectin as the control group and de-pectinated seeds as the treated group, samples were collected at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days of cultivation. Then relevant physiological and biochemical indicators were determined and comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the polysaccharide content in the control exhibited an initial increase and then followed by a decrease, while the de-pectinated treatment showed a continuous declining trend. The soluble sugar content in both groups displayed a decrease-increase-decrease pattern, with significantly lower levels observed in the de-pectinated treatment compared to the control throughout the germination process. The MDA content in the control group showed an upward trend, while in the de-pectinated group, a downward-upward-downward trend was exhibited and it was mostly lower than that in the control during germination. The content of H₂O₂ and O₂- showed similar trends in both groups, but the content in the de-pectinated group was mostly higher than that in the control during germination. The activities of SOD, POD and PAL exhibited similar trends in both groups. The SOD activity in the de-pectinated group was consistently higher than that in the control, while POD and PAL activities, although lower than those in the control, showed a continuous upward trend. The endogenous hormone content (IAA, ABA, GA₃, ZR) exhibited fluctuating changes in both groups, with the control group showing a general downward trend, while the de-pectinated group showed a significant increase and a general upward trend. It was preliminarily confirmed that pectin removal could promote the rapid mobilization of stored substances, enzymes and endogenous hormones in the seeds of Taxillus chinensis, promoting the smooth germination of seeds.

Analysis of endophytic fungal diversity of Centella asiatica of Guangxi

LIANG Lu, LIANG Wen-jing, SONG Li-sha, WAN Ling-yun, TAN Gui-yu, ZHANG Zhan-jiang, PAN Li-mei, ZHANG Kun, TU Dong-ping, WEI Shu-gen

2025, 64(5): 90-101. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.014

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In order to investigate the distribution of endophytic fungi in the roots, stems and leaves of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, the composition of endophytic fungi groups of Centella asiatica in Guangxi was analyzed. Healthy Centella asiatica specimens were collected from six distinct regions in Guangxi, including Liuzhou, Qinzhou, Beihai, Guilin, Hezhou, and Baise cities, followed by endophytic fungal isolation from their root, stem, and leaf tissues. The endophytic fungi were identified by combining morphological and molecular biological methods, followed by diversity analysis. The results showed that a total of 114 endophytic fungal strains were isolated, belonging to 1 phylum, 3 classes, 9 orders, 12 families, and 17 genera, with the taxonomic status of 1 genus remaining undetermined. The genera Colletotrichum and Diaporthe were identified as the dominant endophytic fungi in Centella asiatica. The endophytic fungi diversity of Centella asiatica in different regions was significantly different. The endophytic fungi in Guilin City and Liuzhou City were the most abundant, and the endophytic fungi in Beihai City and Qinzhou City were the most similar, followed by Guilin City and Liuzhou City. Through comparative analysis, it was found that the endophytic fungi in roots had the highest abundance, and the similarity coefficient of endophytic fungi in stems and leaves was the highest. The findings indicated that Centella asiatica in Guangxi exhibited high diversity and relatively uniform distribution of endophytic fungi, with both growth environment and plant tissue type significantly influencing their community composition and diversity.

Tobacco’s NtALS gene editing to develop herbicide-resistant new elite of K326

SUN Xiao-qiong, ZHANG Xiao-lian, GUO Yu-shuang, HU Jian-lin, HU Peng, ZHENG Xing-fei, WANG Hong-bo, XUE Lian, XU De-ze, ZHONG YU-ping, YIN De-suo, WANG Feng

2025, 64(5): 102-104. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.015

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In order to breed new varieties of flue-cured tobacco resistant to herbicide, the NtALS gene of flue-cured tobacco K326 was edited by the single base, the 194th proline triad code CCA of tobacco NtALS gene was replaced with leucine encoding CTA and TTA. Sequencing results showed that the editing rate was up to 20.69%, the identification results of the herbicide spraying resistance of positive edited plants showed that the resistance was obvious, and a new flue-cured tobacco material with herbicide resistance was developed.

Analysis of influencing factors on water use efficiency of tobacco floating seedling in Yunnan Province

YUAN Guo-yi, LI Xiang-yang, LIU Zheng-hong, DING Cong-kai, ZHU Xuan-quan, BAI Yu-xiang, WANG Ge, WANG Na, ZHOU Peng, DU Yu, SONG Jie

2025, 64(5): 105-111. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.016

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In order to provide a theoretical basis for improving the utilization rate of water resources and promoting the development and improvement of seedling raising methods, the water consumption of tobacco floating seedling in Yunnan tobacco area was investigated. By means of inquiry, visit and on-the-spot investigation, the seedling raising bases in typical tobacco planting areas of 10 prefectures and cities in Yunnan Province were selected for investigation, and the factors affecting the water use efficiency of floating seedling raising were analyzed and clarified. The results showed that, there were two seedling specifications for transplanting seedlings under film (small seedlings) and conventional transplanting (large seedlings) in the survey area. The total water consumption and water consumption of tobacco seedlings were 311.74 kg/m² and 216.48 kg/m², 374.53 kg/m² and 248.64 kg/m², respectively, and there was 99.48 kg/m² ineffective water in the process of seedling raising, accounting for about 31.05% of the average total water consumption. In terms of water use efficiency, Chuxiong base was the lowest and Yuxi base was the highest . The water use efficiency of small seedlings was significantly negatively correlated with the size of the seedling tray, and the water use efficiency of large seedlings was significantly negatively correlated with longitude. There were differences in seedling water consumption in different tobacco areas; the longitude of the seedling point, the area of the seedling pool and the size of the seedling tray were important factors affecting the efficiency of the seedling water use. The water consumption of small seedlings was obviously lower than that of large seedlings. The water use efficiency of small seedlings could be improved by using smaller seedling tray specifications. The water use efficiency of large seedlings was positively correlated with seedling tray specifications, seedling pool area and other factors.

Analysis of zoobenthic community structure and fish productivity potential in the Chushandian Reservoir, Xinyang City, Henan Province in winter

LEI Qi, JIANG Han-jun, HAO Ting-ting, MA Yuan-ye, ZHOU Han, WANG Jun-ru

2025, 64(5): 112-116. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.017

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In order to explore zoobenthic community structure and fish production potential of zoobenthos in the Chushandian Reservoir in winter, a survey of zoobenthos in different areas of the reservoir was carried out in February 2024. The results showed that the winter zoobenthic community structure was dominated by Chironomidae larvae and Oligochaetes. The average density of zoobenthos was 1 000 ind./m², the average biomass of zoobenthos was 3.01 g/m², and the average value of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of zoobenthos was 0.93. The results of the Mantel test and the RDA indicated that NH₄⁺-N and TN were the principal environmental factors affecting the distribution of the zoobenthic community. The fish production potential of zoobenthos in the Chushandian Reservoir in winter was 12.48 kg/hm², which equated to an estimated fish production potential of zoobenthos in winter of approximately 1.99×10⁴ kg.

Effects of monoclonal antibody against early pregnancy factor on proliferation, migration and apoptosis of cervical cancer HeLa cells

DUAN Fu-chun, REN Hong-lin, HU Pan, LI Yan-song, LIU Xi-lin, WANG Han, LIU Meng-di, LI Hao-song, LU Shi-ying

2025, 64(5): 117-122. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.018

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The inhibitory effect of monoclonal antibody against early pregnancy factor (EPF-B6) on the biological behavior of cervical cancer HeLa cells was investigated by studying the effects of EPF-B6 on the proliferation, migration, cloning and apoptosis of HeLa cells. RT-PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the expression of EPF gene in six common cancer cells and EPF protein in cell culture medium. The effects of different concentrations of EPF-B6 monoclonal antibody on the proliferation, migration and population dependence of HeLa cells were detected by CCK8 assay, cell scratch assay and plate cloning assay, respectively. The apoptosis and cycle of HeLa cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results showed that EPF gene was present in common tumor cells. EPF protein was expressed in the culture medium of cervical cancer HeLa cells, breast cancer MCF-7 cells and ovarian cancer A2780 cells. The results showed that EPF-B6 monoclonal antibody could significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration and colony formation of HeLa cells, it was concentration-dependent (P<0.01). The results of cell cycle analysis showed that EPF-B6 monoclonal antibody blocked the DNA replication process of HeLa cells at G2/M phase.

Preparation and properties of antifungal film based on aldehyde-modified pullulan loaded with methyl trans-p-coumarate

CUI Wen-zhuang, WANG Wei-feng, MENG Xian-hua, LIU Yu-jie, ZHANG Xin-yu, CAO Yong-hong, WANG Jun, GONG Chu, YANG Jun-li

2025, 64(5): 123-127. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.019

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The antifungal film was prepared by a casting-drying method using methyl trans-p-coumarate and aldehyde-modified pullulan as the matrix material. The results showed that the transparency of the antifungal film was negatively correlated with the addition amount of methyl trans-p-coumarate. Mechanical property tests using a universal material testing machine revealed that higher amounts of methyl trans-p-coumarate increased the rigidity but reduced the toughness of the antifungal film. In vitro antifungal activity tests demonstrated that the antifungal film exhibited strong inhibitory activity against Botrytis cinerea, and its efficacy gradually enhanced with increasing methyl trans-p-coumarate content. In conclusion, the antifungal film possessed advantages such as environmental friendliness, low cost, simple preparation process, moderate mechanical properties, and strong antifungal activity, showing potential for postharvest preservation of fruits and vegetables.

Study on the extraction process and antioxidant activity of polyphenols from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.

LI Ming-zhu, YUAN Lei, ZHANG Xue-zhen, YAN Xiao-qian

2025, 64(5): 128-133. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.020

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To improve the extraction rate of polyphenols from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb., liquid-to-material ratio (A), ultrasonic time (B), SHMP addition (C), and ultrasonic power (D) were selected as influencing factors based on single-factor experiment results. A four-factor three-level response surface methodology was designed with polyphenol yield as the response value to optimize the extraction process, and the antioxidant capacity of the polyphenols was determined. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions for polyphenols from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. were the liquid-to-material ratio of 25∶1 (mL/g), ultrasonic time of 40 min, SHMP addition of 0.5%, and ultrasonic power of 160 W, with a polyphenol yield of 4.35% under these conditions.When the concentration of polyphenols from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. ranged from 0.1 to 1.5 mg/mL, the maximum scavenging rates for superoxide anion radicals, DPPH radicals, and hydroxyl radicals were 59.80%, 43.61%, and 32.72%, respectively. The scavenging capacity increased with polyphenol concentration, demonstrating the antioxidant ability of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. polyphenols.

Multi-step temperature prediction for farms based on iTransformer and LSTM model fusion

XIE Qi, ZHANG Tai-hong, LIU Hai-peng

2025, 64(5): 134-140. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.021

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To address the nonlinear and complex characteristics of farm temperature data, based on meteorological station data from Huaxing Farm in Changji City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,seven features including temperature, ground infrared temperature, dew point temperature, relative humidity, vapor pressure, station pressure, and sea-level pressure were selected as model input features through Spearman correlation analysis,and comparative analysis was conducted among the iTransformer-LSTM model, Transformer model, LSTM model, iTransformer model, and Transformer-LSTM model. The results showed that the iTransformer-LSTM model achieved the best performance. Compared with the optimal baseline model iTransformer, this model reduced the root mean square error (RMSE) by 13.72%, mean absolute error (MAE) by 14.12%, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) by 13.61%.The iTransformer-LSTM model could effectively extract time-series feature representations, capture long-term dependencies, and characterize global features and contextual information, making it suitable for multi-feature multi-step time-series temperature prediction tasks.

Design of an intelligent temperature and humidity control system for tobacco warehouses based on big data

ZHAO Zi-jia, ZHENG Xiao-yun, LI Jing-kai, ZHANG Na, LIU Xiao-li, LIU Yuan-shang

2025, 64(5): 141-146. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.022

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Taking tobacco warehouses of Shijiazhuang Cigarette Factory as the research object, big data analysis technology was introduced,temperature and humidity acquisition modules, functional modules, and development modules were programmed,an intelligent temperature and humidity control system for tobacco warehouses was designed,which achieved automatic calculation, intelligent judgment, and mobile alerting for temperature and humidity within warehouses,and regulation experiments for tobacco warehouse temperature and humidity were conducted. The results showed that the average response time for tobacco warehouse temperature and humidity regulation in the intelligent control system decreased from 93 s to 6 s,and the average effective adjustment rate increased from 68% to 100%. The system automatically calculated temperature and humidity inside warehouses,sent real-time alerts to mobile terminals when temperature and humidity reached warning thresholds,achieved 100% alarm accuracy, and realized intelligent management of temperature and humidity in tobacco warehouses,thereby improving equipment utilization rates.

TVFEMD optimization decomposition and FLN-based soil moisture content prediction using intelligent algorithm optimizations

TIAN Yu, CUI Dong-wen

2025, 64(5): 147-154. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.023

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Based on the observed soil moisture content data from 10, 20, and 40 cm soil layers at Tianxing and Pojiao stations in Yunnan Province, a prediction model (TVFEMD-BSLO/AO/IVYA/EGO/PSO-FLN) was constructed by improving the time-varying filter empirical mode decomposition (TVFEMD) and fast learning network (FLN) methods to enhance the time-series prediction accuracy of soil moisture content. By comparing the performance of different optimization algorithms, a superior modeling approach was provided for soil moisture prediction. The results showed that the TVFEMD decomposition performance was primarily influenced by two key parameters: Bandwidth threshold and B-spline order. Optimizing these two parameters using the IVYA algorithm improved the time-series decomposition quality and further enhanced the model’s prediction performance. The TVFEMD-BLSO/AO/IVYA/EGO-FLN model demonstrated outstanding prediction performance on the training set, with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.002%~0.077% and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.999 7~1.000 0. The MAPE in the prediction set was 0.006%~0.459%, and R² was 0.996 6~1.000 0. Compared with the TVFEMD-PSO-FLN model, the TVFEMD-BLSO/AO/IVYA/EGO-FLN model showed significant improvements in both fitting performance and prediction accuracy. Optimizing FLN hyperparameters using BLSO, AO, IVYA, and EGO algorithms effectively improved model performance, with the IVYA algorithm exhibiting the most notable optimization effect.

Grain yield prediction in southern China based on Stacking ensemble algorithm

MA Dian-jing, ZHAO Jia-song, YAN Wei-yu, DUAN Guang-jun, LIU Zhen-yang, WU Shao-tian

2025, 64(5): 155-159. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.024

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Based on the grain yield data and 11-dimensional relevant factors from Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, and Sichuan provinces in southern China between 1998 and 2022,the BP-SVR-Stacking grain yield prediction model based on the Stacking ensemble algorithm was developed and comparatively analyzed with the BP neural network model and SVR model. The results indicated that the mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the BP-SVR-Stacking model were significantly lower than those of the BP neural network model and SVR model,which demonstrated the superior prediction capability of the BP-SVR-Stacking model over single machine learning models. Compared with the BP neural network model and SVR model, the coefficient of determination (R²) of the BP-SVR-Stacking model increased by 0.124 and 0.122 respectively,suggesting that the BP-SVR-Stacking model possessed excellent fitting capability and prediction performance.

A rapid identification method for maize leaf spot disease based on the improved YOLOv8 model

ZHANG Lu, WU Xue-lian

2025, 64(5): 160-166. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.025

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To achieve rapid identification of maize leaf spot disease, the detection performance of the improved YOLOv8 model was optimized by integrating the Global Attention Module (GAM), Slim-Neck lightweight module, and Inner-CIoU loss function. Compared with the original YOLOv8 model, the improved YOLOv8 model (GAM+Slim-Neck+Inner-CIoU) showed increases of 4.15% in Precision, 5.51% in Recall, 3.91% in mAP @0.5, and 11.35% in mAP @[0.5∶0.95], while the number of parameters and detection time decreased by 10.39% and 3.42%, respectively. The improved YOLOv8 model outperformed other models (YOLOv3, YOLOv5, YOLOv6, and Faster R-CNN) in Precision, Recall, mAP @0.5, and mAP @[0.5∶0.95], while also demonstrating significant advantages in parameter quantity and detection time, combining high efficiency with lightweight characteristics. The improved YOLOv8 model efficiently captured critical information, fully integrated multi-dimensional features, and rationally allocated computational resources, thereby enhancing recognition accuracy.

Genetic mapping analysis of interspecific hybrid population in buckwheat

YIN Gui-fang, LU Wen-jie, LONG Wen-jie, SUN Dao-wang, HUANG Chun-yan, ZHAI Bing-xin, WANG Li-hua

2025, 64(5): 167-172. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.026

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An F₂ population was constructed by crossing the cultivated buckwheat（Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.） variety Yunqiao 1 (YQ1) with the lodging-resistant and disease-resistant wild buckwheat YZ56,extreme phenotypic individuals for traits including plant height, grain weight per plant, and leaf blight resistance were screened based on agronomic trait investigation data,and DNA was extracted from buckwheat leaves using the CTAB method to construct extreme phenotypic DNA pools. The results demonstrated that plant height and grain weight per plant in the F₂ population showed normal distributions,with individuals exhibiting lower leaf blight incidence occupying a higher proportion in the distribution. The average grain weight per plant of the F2 population was 17.8 g, higher than that of the parental lines YZ56 (13.1 g) and YQ1 (16.7 g),indicating significant heterosis. Rational utilization of distant germplasm resources for hybridization could improve progeny yield.Pearson correlation analysis revealed highly significant correlations among plant height, grain weight per plant, and leaf blight incidence rate. Pooled sequencing combined with bulked segregant analysis (BSA) successfully identified 10 QTL regions associated with plant height at a 95% confidence interval,7 candidate QTL regions related to grain weight per plant,and 6 candidate QTL regions linked to leaf blight resistance.

Relationship between MC1R gene polymorphism and plumage color phenotype in Tibetan roosters

WANG Shi-xin, GAO Ming-xin, Danzeng Sangzhu, Ba-sang, CHEN Xi, WANG Run-jin, ZHANG Hao, WANG De-cai, PI Jin-song, HUANG Tao

2025, 64(5): 173-177. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.027

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Adult Tibetan roosters with distinct plumage color phenotypes (Tibetan black, Tibetan variegated, and Tibetan gray) were selected to screen genetic variation sites in the coding region of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene and analyze genotype-phenotype correlations. The results showed that 10 SNPs were identified in the coding region of the MC1R gene in Tibetan roosters, including 2 synonymous mutations at 69 bp (C/T) and 636 bp (A/G), and 8 non-synonymous mutations at 178 bp (A/G), 212 bp (C/T), 213 bp (A/G), 274 bp (A/G), 376 bp (A/G), 398 bp (C/T), 427 bp (A/G), and 637 bp (C/T). Genotype distribution revealed that all Tibetan black roosters exhibited the AA genotype (100.00%), 60.00% of Tibetan gray roosters carried the AA genotype, while Tibetan variegated roosters predominantly had the AG genotype (80.00%), suggesting that the A allele might be associated with the formation of the black plumage phenotype. Thirteen haplotypes were constructed based on the 10 SNPs, with haplotypes Hap_2, Hap_10, and Hap_13 exclusively observed in Tibetan variegated roosters. Chi-square independence tests indicated that genotypes at 69 bp (C/T) and 274 bp (A/G) were significantly associated with plumage color phenotypes (P<0.001), suggesting these two loci might serve as key genetic markers regulating plumage color variation in Tibetan roosters.

Spatiotemporal dynamic evaluation of the agricultural science and technology progress contribution rate in Jiangsu Province

XU Meng-jie, HU Ya-jun, ZHOU Hong-ying, JIAO Ling-jia, WANG Li-juan

2025, 64(5): 178-184. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.028

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The Cobb-Douglas (C-D) production function was constructed to estimate the elasticity coefficients of input factors on agricultural output, and the Solow residual method was then applied to calculate the agricultural science and technology progress rate and agricultural science and technology progress contribution rate. The results showed that from the 8th Five-Year Plan to the 13th Five-Year Plan period in Jiangsu province, both the total agricultural output value and capital investment demonstrated growth trends, but their average annual growth rates slowed down.Except for the 9th Five-Year Plan period, the labor force showed a decreasing trend in other periods, shifting to secondary and tertiary industries. The agricultural science and technology progress contribution rate was relatively low during the 8th Five-Year Plan and 9th Five-Year Plan periods, but exceeded 50.00% from the 10th Five-Year Plan to the 13th Five-Year Plan periods. Except for Wuxi and Suzhou, the agricultural science and technology progress rate in Jiangsu Province ranged from 1.45% to 3.13%, descending in the order of Nanjing, Xuzhou, Changzhou, Yancheng, Taizhou, Nantong, Yangzhou, Lianyungang, Zhenjiang, Huai’an, and Suqian;the agricultural science and technology progress contribution rate across cities in Jiangsu Province ranged from 44.41% to 121.32%, descending in the order of Changzhou, Yancheng, Nantong, Nanjing, Taizhou, Yangzhou, Xuzhou, Zhenjiang, Suqian, Lianyungang, and Huai'an.Systematic clustering was performed using SPSS 20.0 software, with the first cluster including Zhenjiang, Taizhou, Xuzhou, Lianyungang, Huai’an, and Suqian;the second cluster included Nanjing, Changzhou, and Nantong;the third cluster consisted of Yangzhou and Yancheng. As the concentration area of agricultural science and technology innovation resources in Jiangsu Province, southern Jiangsu exhibited a significantly higher agricultural science and technology progress contribution rate than central and northern Jiangsu.

Research on the influencing factors of rural shareholding economic cooperative development based on rooted theory

YAN Rui-juan, LIU Zhi-you, YANG Lin

2025, 64(5): 185-189. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.029

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After the reform of the property rights system, a new collective economic organization form of rural shareholding economic cooperatives was formed, but the development of rural shareholding economic cooperatives was not good. Therefore, it was of great significance to explore the influencing factors of the development of rural shareholding economic cooperatives to solve the development dilemma. Taking Changshanzi Town, Midong District, Urumqi City as an example, 12 villages were randomly selected to conduct semi-open interviews with the board of directors, board of supervisors and main responsible persons of joint-stock economic cooperatives, and Nvivo 12.0 was used to analyze the interview data to explore the influencing factors of the development of rural shareholding economic cooperatives. Based on the rooted theory, 41 initial concepts, 10 initial categories, 3 main categories and 1 core category were obtained, and the results showed that the development of rural joint-stock economic cooperatives was affected by the joint action of operation and management, participants, policy environments and other factors, so the above three aspects were analyzed and corresponding countermeasures were put forward.

The formation mechanism of purchasing intention of organic agricultural products driven by consumer values

YOU Yun-mei, WEI Sheng, SANG Yu-wei

2025, 64(5): 190-199. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.030

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From the perspective of consumer values, health concern and environmental concern were introduced as mediating variables, and uncertainty was introduced as a moderating variable to construct a mechanism model of the impact of consumer values on the willingness to buy organic agricultural products. The analysis results of 1 863 valid questionnaires showed that consumers’ selfish values affected the willingness to buy organic agricultural products through health concerns, while altruistic values affected the willingness to buy organic agricultural products through environmental concerns, and the mediating effect of environmental concern was significantly stronger than that of health concerns. The moderating effect of uncertainty was different in different paths, uncertainty played a positive moderating role in the relationship between selfish values and consumers’ willingness to buy organic agricultural products, and a negative moderating role in the relationship between altruistic values and consumers’ willingness to buy organic agricultural products, which further clarified boundary conditions of the path that values affected purchase intention.

Evaluation of the integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas of Xinjiang and its impact on farmer income increase and agricultural value addition

BAI Xiang, WANG Kai-hao

2025, 64(5): 200-206. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.031

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An evaluation index system for the integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas of Xinjiang was constructed based on five dimensions: Industrial chain extension, multifunctional industry expansion, integration of agriculture and service industries, economic benefits, and social benefits. The entropy method was used to evaluate the level of integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas of Xinjiang, and the grey correlation analysis method was employed to analyze the degree of correlation and impact of 12 tertiary indicators in the index system on farmer income increase and agricultural value addition. The results showed that from 2014 to 2021, the degree of integration of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas of Xinjiang continued to deepen, with all secondary indicators showing an upward trend; however, the overall level of integrated development remained relatively low, and industrial chain extension contributed the most to the integrated development.The impact of various tertiary indicators on farmer income increase and agricultural value addition differed, but their degree of correlation was strong. The integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas effectively promoted farmer income increase and agricultural value addition, strongly supporting the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. To further advance the integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, Xinjiang still needed to promote agricultural industrial chain extension, build advantageous industrial clusters, expand industrial multifunctionality, enhance the quality and upgrading of leisure agriculture, integrate agriculture with service industries, strengthen production-marketing linkage services, prioritize farmer income increase, and advance coordinated urban-rural development.

County-level multi-dimensional evaluation on the quality of urban-rural integration development in Xinjiang from the perspective of spatial justice

WU Wen-jie, FU Xue, CHEN Qiao, Ayetiguli Sidike, Alimujiang Tusiyiti, ZHAO Yan-mei

2025, 64(5): 207-214. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.032

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Based on Marx’s theory of spatial justice, a multidimensional evaluation system for the quality of urban-rural integrated development was comprehensively constructed. The political, economic, social, cultural, and ecological integration development qualities across 83 counties in Xinjiang were analyzed and measured. The types of urban - rural integration were classified, and the realization mechanisms and pathways for achieving fair and autonomous socio - economic spatial integration between urban and rural areas were explored. The results showed that there were significant disparities in the Gini coefficients of population-public service resource allocation across the study area, and the per capita availability of public service resources did not fully align with the Gini coefficients.The overall spatial accessibility of public transportation remained relatively low, which was influenced by factors such as county size, administrative level, functional role, and distance from central cities. Generally, urban-rural integration in the study area started late, remained at a low level, and was shallow in development, with the overall integration quality being suboptimal. Due to varying developmental foundations and conditions, the counties demonstrated diverse trends and characteristics in their integration processes. The 83 counties in Xinjiang were categorized into five types of urban-rural integration: Transportation-constrained integration type, public service-constrained integration type, comprehensive well-integrated type, potential-advantaged integration type and comprehensive lagging integration type. The guarantee mechanisms for achieving coordinated, balanced, and equitable development between urban and rural areas included: Ensuring the free flow and optimal allocation of urban-rural production factors at the county level, promoting the integration of spatial planning and functions between urban and rural areas, implementing interactive industrial integration, enhancing comprehensive and balanced public service integration, and prioritizing sustainable ecological resource management.

Evaluation and convergence analysis of high-quality agricultural development at the county level: An empirical analysis based on Shandong Province

YIN Fang, GUO Shi-juan, YANG Li-ping, WANG Zhao-hua, WEI Qing-gang

2025, 64(5): 215-222. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.033

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Selecting the county as the unit of analysis, the convergence theory was applied to scientifically analyze the gaps and trends of inter-regional agricultural development. The research was based on three dimensions of the agricultural industry, production and operation, with 16 secondary indicators covered. Taking Shandong Province as an example, the entropy-weight method and the Delphi method were used to quantitatively evaluate the indicators weights, and then the high-quality development index of county-level agriculture was calculated. The results showed that agricultural development in the counties of Shandong Province was generally at a low level, situated in the primary stage of high-quality agricultural development, yet it exhibited an upward trend. And notable spatial correlations among regional agricultural development were observed. Through β-absolute convergence and α-convergence tests, it was found that while regional disparities in agricultural development showed an expanding trend, significant catch-up phenomena existed between counties. The research concluded that Shandong’s agricultural high-quality development remained in its initial phase, with inter-county development gaps expected to gradually narrow over time. It was recommended that counties should leverage local resources and geographical advantages, actively adopt information technology and scientific methods, and promote technological integration into agricultural practices to advance the province’s agricultural modernization.

Analysis of the temporal and spatial evolution and influencing factors of agricultural green total factor productivity in China under resource and environmental constraints

FAN Rui-zhe, WANG Yu-xuan

2025, 64(5): 223-230. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.034

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Based on resource and environmental constraints, the Super-Efficiency SBM-GML model was employed to measure the Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity (AGTFP) of 30 provincial-level regions in China from 2012 to 2021, and systematically analyzed its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors. The results indicated that China's AGTFP demonstrated an accelerating upward trend during 2012-2021, reflecting significant achievements in the green transformation of agriculture. Concurrently, while China had made continuous progress in agricultural green technologies, agricultural green technical efficiency had shown a declining trend, revealing a current tendency of “emphasizing R&D over application” in green technology promotion and suboptimal allocation of agricultural resource elements. Furthermore, the regional characteristics of AGTFP in China were primarily manifested as disparities in agricultural production zones and economic structures. Six significant positive factors (including environmental regulation intensity, etc.) and one significant negative factor (agricultural openness) were identified by applying a two-way fixed effects model to analyze multiple influencing factors. Based on these findings, policy recommendations such as promoting green agricultural transformation and optimizing the allocation of agricultural resource elements were proposed to facilitate China’s shift from extensive agricultural development to high-quality, sustainable growth.

Measurement of the Development Level of Digital Countryside in Shanxi Province

ZHAO Shu-ting, QIN Zuo-xia, HU Jie-yu

2025, 64(5): 231-236. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.035

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Taking Shanxi Province as the research object, based on the connotation of digital villages and the goals of rural revitalization, a comprehensive evaluation index system was constructed, covering six dimensions and 26 indicators, including digital development environment, rural network infrastructure, digital agricultural production, digital village governance, digital operation, and digital information services. The entropy weight method was used to determine the index weights. Combining data from the Shanxi Statistical Yearbook from 2017 to 2021 and relevant field research data, the development level of digital villages in the 11 prefecture-level cities within the province was measured and comprehensively evaluated. The research showed that the development level of digital villages in Shanxi Province had been steadily rising, but the development was significantly unbalanced among regions. Cities like Taiyuan, Jinzhong and Yuncheng were placed in the leading position by relying on policy support and geographical advantages. Meanwhile, regions like Lvliang and Shuozhou lagged behind in development due to being constrained by weak infrastructure and resource scarcity. From a dimensional perspective, digital operation and digital development environment were rapidly improved, but rural network infrastructure construction and digital agricultural production still remained as weak links. Based on this, countermeasures and suggestions were proposed in the paper, such as strengthening organizational leadership, improving rural digital infrastructure construction, increasing financial investment and support, strengthening agricultural science and technology equipment support, building a talent support system, strengthening the construction of digital village development teams, mobilizing the active participation of multiple rural subjects, improving the digital level of rural governance, formulating characteristic optimization construction plans, and exploring characteristic digital models of rural areas, so as to provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for the high-quality development of digital villages in Shanxi Province.

The theory and path of scientific and technological innovation supporting the construction of agricultural powerhouse

FENG Xiao, CHEN Jie

2025, 64(5): 237-242. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.036

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In order to deeply explore the role of scientific and technological innovation in supporting the construction of an agricultural powerhouse and its improvement paths, the internal logic between scientific and technological innovation and the construction of an agricultural powerhouse was explored from three dimensions: Theory, history, and reality. This revealed the fundamental and crucial role of scientific and technological innovation in the construction of an agricultural powerhouse. On the basis of drawing on the scientific and technological development experiences of international agricultural powerhouses, the scientific connotation of scientific and technological innovation supporting the construction of an agricultural powerhouse was clarified. On this basis, practical paths for science and technology to support the construction of an agricultural powerhouse were proposed, focusing on six aspects: Enhancing the overall efficiency of agricultural scientific and technological innovation, accelerating the occupation of high-points in agricultural science and technology, strengthening the team of agricultural innovation talents, systematically laying out scientific and technological innovation platforms, accelerating the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological innovation achievements, and strengthening the support and guarantee for encouraging innovation.

The influence mechanism of digital inclusive finance and agricultural new quality productivity forces on the revitalization of rural industries

HE Yan-tao, HE Jia

2025, 64(5): 243-250. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.037

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Using panel data of 31 provinces (autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government, excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) in China from 2012 to 2022, an evaluation index system for rural industrial revitalization in China was constructed, the entropy weight TOPSIS method was used to measure the weight of different indicators, and the mechanism of digital inclusive financial services on rural industrial revitalization in China was explored from multiple aspects. The results showed that digital inclusive finance had a significant role in promoting the stable development of rural revitalization; the all-round development of new quality productive forces in rural agriculture could positively regulate the relationship between digital inclusive finance and rural revitalization; the mechanism of the impact of digital inclusive finance on rural revitalization in the new era was heterogeneous in different regions. Based on the research conclusion, three suggestions were proposed: The government should actively improve the innovation system and increase the investment in science and technology innovation; relevant departments should expand the field of digital inclusive financial services and build a service environment conducive to digital inclusive finance; the government should actively have promote the construction of the rural industrial system in the new era and consolidate the phase achievements of rural revitalization.

Spatial pattern of traditional villages in Shaanxi Province and its influencing factors

WANG Ke-yue, LIU Hui

2025, 64(5): 251-257. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.038

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A total of 113 traditional villages in Shaanxi Province were selected as research objects. The nearest neighbor distance, kernel density estimation, geographical concentration index, Gini coefficient, and imbalance index were adopted to explore the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages. The results indicated that the average nearest neighbor distance of traditional villages in Shaanxi Province was 0.676 9, suggesting a clustered spatial distribution pattern. The imbalance index of traditional villages was 0.758, reflecting an uneven distribution across 10 prefecture-level cities. Over 70% of traditional villages were concentrated in Yulin City, Weinan City, and Ankang City, while other cities had significantly fewer traditional villages. The traditional villages in Yulin City, Weinan City, and Ankang City exhibited high spatial concentration, forming high-density core areas. In contrast, the villages in Yan’an City, Xianyang City, and Hanzhong City showed dispersed spatial patterns, with significantly lower kernel density values compared to the core areas. The spatial pattern of traditional villages was comprehensively influenced by natural geographic factors (topography, climate conditions, river systems) and socio-cultural factors (transportation accessibility, distance to administrative centers, historical and cultural heritage).

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