湖北农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 49-54.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.07.011

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

覆盖地膜对土壤养分含量及娃娃菜产量和品质的影响

练志诚1, 黄翔1, 洪娟1,2, 陈钢1,2, 杜雷1, 王素萍1, 张贵友1, 张利红1, 叶莉霞1,2   

  1. 1.武汉市农业科学院环境与安全研究所,武汉 430345;
    2.华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-25 发布日期:2020-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 陈钢(1969-),女,湖北武汉人,正高职高级农艺师,博士,主要从事新型肥料及水肥一体化研究工作,(电话)027-68101775(电子信箱)chengang@webmail.hzau.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:练志诚(1971-),男,湖北应城人,农艺师,主要从事新型肥料的研发和推广工作,(电话)15171450598(电子信箱)Zhicheng70823@163.com;
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFDO201000); 武汉市农业科学院创新项目(CX201603)

Effects of film mulching on the content of soil nutrient and production and quality of Brassica pekinensis

LIAN Zhi-cheng1, HUANG Xiang1, HONG Juan1,2, CHEN Gang1,2, DU Lei1, WANG Su-ping1, ZHANG-Gui you1, ZHANG Li-hong1, YE Li-xia1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Environment and Safety, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430345, China;
    2. College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
  • Received:2019-07-25 Published:2020-06-28

摘要: 采用大田试验,进行双因素裂区设计,主因素为覆盖地膜(M)和不覆盖地膜(NM),副因素为施肥(不施肥CK、习惯施肥CF、减量施肥RF和改进减量施肥IRF 4个处理),同时取不同土层土样测定碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有效锌和有效硼含量。结果表明,与不覆盖地膜相比,覆盖地膜可显著提高娃娃菜(Brassica pekinensis)单株重、生物产量和经济产量,提高肥料利用率;施肥也能显著促进娃娃菜的生长,提高植株养分含量和吸收量。施肥显著提高了娃娃菜中硝酸盐含量,并降低可溶性糖和维生素C含量,而覆盖地膜对品质指标影响程度未达显著水平。覆盖地膜显著提高了施肥处理下土壤碱解氮和速效钾的含量,降低了土壤速效磷向下淋溶的程度,对表层土壤有效硼和有效锌含量影响显著,而对深层土壤无明显影响。

关键词: 娃娃菜(Brassica pekinensis), 覆盖地膜, 土壤养分

Abstract: A split-block field experiment was conducted with film mulching(M) or no film mulching(NM) as main factor and different fertilizer as the deputy factor(no fertilizer CK,farmer accustomed fertilization CF,reduced rate of fertilization RF and improved reduced rate of fertilization IRF). Meanwhile, the contents of available N, available P, available K, available Zn and available B in different soil layers were determined. The results showed that the weight per plant, the biological yield, the economic yield, the fertilizer use efficiency, and the economic yield of Brassica pekinensis were significantly increased by mulching compared with no mulching. Fertilization can also significantly promote the growth of Brassica pekinensis, improve plant nutrient content and uptake. Fertilization can significantly increased nitrate content, decreased soluble sugar content and vitamin C content of Brassica pekinensis, but the effect of film mulching on quality index was not significant. Film mulching significantly increased the content of available N and available K, decreased the leaching degree of available P, and significantly affected the contents of available B and available Zn in topsoil, but not in deep soil.

Key words: Brassica pekinensis, film mulching, soil nutrient

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