关键词: 小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）, 冬春性, 鉴定, 区域试验, 应用

Abstract: The wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） varieties （lines） from regional trial in southern Huang-Huai region and Huang-Huai dryland region from 2010 to 2019 were selected as materials. Field identification method of spring sowing was used to identify the winterness and springness of wheat according to the calculation of the earing stage and heading rate of spring seedling. The results showed that a total of 32 springness varieties （lines） were identified from winter wheat regional trial in southern Huang-Huai region and Huang-Huai dryland group,accounted for 4.78% of the tested varieties （lines）; A total of 18 winterness varieties （lines） were identified from spring wheat regional trial in southern Huang-Huai region, accounted for 21.43% of the tested varieties （lines）. From the appraisal situation, the method that setting of sowing date in recent 10 years is based on the local average temperature in spring, the first sowing date is the next day after the average temperature reaches 3 ℃, the second sowing date is the next day after the average temperature reaches 7 ℃, and the third sowing date is the next day after the average temperature reaches 10 ℃, was not restricted by time interval and was accurate and reliable through the 3 sowing dates confirmed each other. Among the tested varieties （lines）, the heading rate of varieties （lines） identified as winter type at the second sowing date in spring was less than 30%, and the plants was immature at the mature stage; The heading rate of varieties （lines） identified as spring type at the second sowing date in spring was more than 30%, the plants was basically mature at the maturity stage, and the seedling ear stage was more than 45 days. It indicated that the heading rate and seedling ear stage of spring sowing could be used as effective detection indicators for winterness and springness identification of wheat.

Key words: wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, winterness and springness, identify, regional trial, application