湖北农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (9): 39-45.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.09.007

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

1971—2018年西藏极端气温时空变化特征

胡文渊1, 李治国2, 姚荣鹏3, 赵静静2, 范蕊谊2   

  1. 1. 云南师范大学地理学部,昆明 650500;
    2.商丘师范学院测绘与规划学院,河南 商丘 476000;
    3.西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-31 发布日期:2021-05-14
  • 通讯作者: 李治国(1979-),男,山东禹城人,教授,主要从事全球变化研究,(电子信箱)lizhiguo999999@163.com。
  • 作者简介:胡文渊(1995-),女,河南周口人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为淡水生态,(电话)18272696325(电子信箱)huwy1995@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41671072); 河南省高等学校青年骨干教师项目(2016GGJS-130)

Characteristics of the spatio-temporal changes of extreme temperatures in Tibet from 1971 to 2018

HU Wen-yuan1, LI Zhi-guo2, YAO Rong-peng3, ZHAO Jing-jing2, FAN Rui-yi2   

  1. 1. Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China;
    2. Department of Surveying and Planning, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China;
    3. College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Received:2020-08-31 Published:2021-05-14

摘要: 全球变暖背景下,极端气温变化成为西藏经济社会发展和生态环境保护的严重威胁。利用1971—2018年西藏22个气象站逐日最高、最低气温数据,采用国际ETCCDI推荐的12种极端气温指标,分析了西藏各极端气温指标的时空变化特征。结果表明,近48年,西藏地区冷昼日数、冷夜日数、冰冻日数、霜冻日数和气温日较差呈下降趋势,暖昼日数、暖夜日数、夏日日数、日最高气温极大值、日最低气温极大值、日最高气温极小值和日最低气温极小值呈上升趋势,且20世纪90年代之后变化更为明显。极端气温指标(冷指标和暖指标)在时间上呈现出不对称的变化,冷指标的变化幅度和速率高于暖指标。多数极端气温指标从东南到西北表现出明显的变化,大部分极端气温指标与经度和纬度没有明显相关性,除冷昼日数、冷夜日数、暖昼日数和气温日较差与海拔没有明显的关系外,其余极端气温指标均与海拔呈显著相关。

关键词: 极端气温, 时空变化, 突变检验, 西藏

Abstract: Under the background of global warming, extreme temperature changes have become a serious threat to Tibetʼs economic and social development and ecological and environmental protection. Based on the daily maximum and minimum temperature in Tibet from 1971 to 2018, and 12 extreme air temperature indices recommended by international ETCCDI were computed to reveal the temporal and spatial variations of extreme temperature in Tibet. The results showed that, in the past 48 years, the cool days, cool nights, ice days, frost days, and diurnal temperature range in Tibet showed a downward trend, and the warm days, warm nights, summer days, max Tmax, max Tmin, min Tmax, and min Tmin showed an upward trend, and the changes were more obvious after the 1990s. The extreme temperature index (cold indices and warm indices) showed an asymmetric change in time, and the change range and rate of the cold indices were higher than the warm indices. Most extreme temperature indicators showed obvious changes from southeast to northwest. The most extreme temperature indices had no obvious correlation with longitude and latitude. Except that cool days, cool nights, warm days and diurnal temperature range had no obvious relationship with altitude, the other extreme temperature indexes were significantly related to altitude.

Key words: extreme temperature, temporal and spatial variation, Mann-Kendall test, Tibet

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