湖北农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (14): 57-63.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.14.010

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆木垒县近51年春、夏季气象干旱特征分析

叶尔克江·霍依哈孜1, 阿帕尔·肉孜1, 柳宏英1, 黄健2   

  1. 1.新疆昌吉州气象局,新疆 昌吉 831100;
    2.中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,乌鲁木齐 830002
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-16 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-08-09
  • 通讯作者: 阿帕尔·肉孜(1978-),男(维吾尔族),高级工程师,主要从事气候变化研究,(电话)13565626798(电子信箱)apar-ek@sohu.com。
  • 作者简介:叶尔克江·霍依哈孜(1979-),女(哈萨克族),新疆沙湾人,工程师,主要从事应用气象研究工作,(电话)13565646503(电子信箱)64485469@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41775109); 昌吉州科技项目(2020S03)

Analysis on the characteristics of spring and summer meteorological drought in Mulei county of Xinjiang in recent 51 years

HOYHAZI Erkejan1, RUZI Apar1, LIU Hong-ying1, HUANG Jian2   

  1. 1. Changji Meteorological Bureau,Changji 831100,Xinjiang,China;
    2. Institue of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China
  • Received:2021-03-16 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-08-09

摘要: 基于新疆木垒县1970—2020年逐月气温和降水量的观测资料,运用趋势分析、M-K突变检验、小波功率谱分析、相关分析,研究木垒县相对湿润指数春、夏季变化特征及影响因素。结果表明,过去51年木垒县春、夏季平均温度和蒸散量呈显著增加趋势,降水量、湿润指数均呈弱增加趋势,增加趋势不明显,表明木垒县春、夏季气候趋向暖干变化。春季轻旱发生频率大于夏季,中旱和重旱发生频率夏季大于春季。春、夏季平均气温、降水量、相对湿润指数均发生突变。经小波功率谱检验春夏季温度、降水量和相对湿润指数大部分存在2~4年的尺度变化周期;4年以上和2年以下时间尺度的周期信号能量较弱,显著性变化周期主要集中在3年左右的周期振荡上。相对湿润指数的气象影响因子分析表明,木垒县春、夏季相对湿润指数的变化是多个气象因子综合作用所致,但是降水量、相对湿度、气压是导致研究区春、夏季相对湿润指数变化的主要气象因子。

关键词: 干旱, 相对湿润指数, 可能蒸散量, 小波功率谱, 相关分析

Abstract: Based on the observation data of monthly temperature and precipitation in Mulei county, Xinjiang province during 1970—2020, trend analysis, M-K mutation test, wavelet power spectrum analysis and correlation analysis were used to study the variation characteristics and influencing factors of the relative humidity index in spring and summer in Mulei county. The results showed that the average temperature and evapotranspiration in spring and summer in Mulei county had a significant increasing trend in the past 51 years, while the precipitation and wetness index had a weak increasing trend, but the increasing trend was not obvious, which indicated that the climate trend of Mulei county in spring and summer had changed to warm and dry. The frequency of light drought in spring was higher than that in summer, and the frequency of moderate drought and severe drought in summer was higher than that in spring. The mean temperature, precipitation and relative humidity index of spring and summer all changed abruptly. According to the wavelet power spectrum test, most of the temperature, precipitation and relative humidity index in spring and summer had the scale variation period of 2~4 years. The periodic signal energy in time scales above 4 years and below 2 years was weak, and the significant variation period was mainly concentrated in the periodic oscillation around 3 years. The analysis of meteorological influencing factors of relative humidity index showed that the change of relative humidity index in spring and summer in Mulei county was caused by the comprehensive action of several meteorological factors, but precipitation, relative humidity and air pressure were the main meteorological factors that lead to the change of relative humidity index in spring and summer in the study area.

Key words: drought, humidity index, potential evapotranspiration, wavelet power spectrum, correlation analysis

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