成都市湿地外来植物分布与扩散潜力研究

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以成都市作为典型公园城市,调查成都市湿地外来植物及其分布,通过扩散模型研究外来植物扩散潜力,探讨外来植物分布与入侵潜力。结果表明,成都市湿地分布着61种外来植物,主要都分布在湿地的陆生环境中,1类外来入侵植物有16种。水陆共生的1类外来入侵植物喜旱莲子草（Alternanthera philoxeroides）分布率最高,超过97%,且苏门白酒草（Erigeron sumatrensis）、白车轴草（Trifolium repens）、一年蓬（Erigeron annuus）、鬼针草（Bidens pilosa）的分布率都超过20%,但分布密度较低,未大量侵占生态系统。部分高入侵风险的外来植物依然具有较大的扩散潜力,分析发现风车草（Cyperus involucratus）有自水体向陆生环境扩散的趋势。在未来成都市湿地建设和管理过程中,建议加强1类外来入侵植物的人工管控力度,深入研究人工干预对外来植物的防除作用,且防范风车草（Cyperus involucratus）及其他入侵等级较低的园林绿化植物扩散。

关键词: 公园城市, 超大城市, 外来植物, 湿地, 分布, 扩散潜力, 成都市

Abstract: Taking Chengdu City as a typical park city of China, the alien plants and their distribution of wetland in Chengdu City were investigated. The diffusion potential of exotic plants was studied through the diffusion model. And the distribution and invasive potential were discussed by the distribution models. The results showed that there were 61 species of alien plants distribute in wetland of Chengdu City, most of the alien plants distribute in terrestrial land and there were 16 species of alien invasive plants of level 1. The alien invasive plant with the widest distribution was Alternanthera philoxeroides in aquatic and terrestrial environment, with a rate over 97%, the distribution rates of alien plants such as Erigeron sumatrensis, Trifolium repens, Erigeron annuus and Bidens pilosa were over 20% in terrestrial environment, but all alien plants did not heavily invade ecosystem and had a low distribution density. Some alien invasive plants with a high risk of invasion still had greater diffusion potential. It was found that Cyperus involucratus had a trend of diffusion from water to terrestrial environment. In the process of wetland construction and management in Chengdu City in the future, it was suggested to strengthen the artificial control of the alien invasive plants of level 1, to further study the effect of artificial intervention on the control of alien invasive plants, and to prevent the spread of Cyperus involucratus and other garden plants with lower invasive grade.

Key words: park city, megacity, alien plants, wetland, distribution, diffusion potential, Chengdu City

中图分类号:

Q948.1

苟小林, 康馨文, VLADIMIROV Dmitrii, 陈青松, 王亚婷, 樊华, 涂卫国. 成都市湿地外来植物分布与扩散潜力研究[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2023, 62(10): 74-82.

GOU Xiao-lin, KANG Xin-wen, VLADIMIROV Dmitrii, CHEN Qing-song, WANG Ya-ting, FAN Hua, TU Wei-guo. Distribution and diffusion potential of alien plants in wetland of Chengdu[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2023, 62(10): 74-82.

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