不同人工林下种植天门冬对土壤物理性质及养分含量的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究人工林下天门冬（Asparagus cochinchinensis）的种植效果,在杉木纯林、杉木+马尾松混交林、杉木+桉树混交林及木荷纯林下种植1年生天门冬,探究不同模式下土壤物理性质和养分含量。结果表明,不同种植模式间林间土壤多数物理指标呈极显著差异（P<0.01）。其中,土壤持水能力木荷-天门冬模式优于杉木-天门冬模式,杉木混交林总体情况优于纯林。0~20 cm土层林间土壤养分仅全氮、全钾含量模式间呈极显著差异（P<0.01）,而20~40 cm土层中所有养分指标含量均呈极显著差异（P<0.01）;木荷-天门冬模式林间土壤养分含量总体高于杉木-天门冬模式,杉木+马尾松/桉树-天门冬模式0~20 cm土层林间土壤养分含量优于杉木-天门冬模式,而20~40 cm土层林间土壤养分积累状况因模式而异。对于天门冬根际土壤,仅全碳含量各模式间差异极显著（P<0.01）;木荷-天门冬模式根际土壤养分含量整体表现最好,杉木混交林根际土壤养分含量较杉木纯林更高。综上,木荷-天门冬模式下林间土壤性质得到综合提高,可在生产中进行推广,但应注重氮、钾肥补充;杉木与马尾松、桉树混交林种植天门冬土壤性质整体优于杉木-天门冬模式。

关键词: 天门冬（Asparagus cochinchinensis）, 人工林, 林下种植模式, 土壤物理性质, 养分

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of planting Asparagus cochinchinensis in different artificial forests, soil physical properties and nutrient contents between different layers of soil were studied by interplanting 1-year-old A. cochinchinensis seedlings in pure Cunninghamia lanceolata forest, C. lanceolata + Pinus massoniana mixed-forest, C. lanceolata + Eucalyptus mixed-forest and pure Schima superba forest. The results showed that most of the physical indexes were significantly different among different planting models（P<0.01）. The soil water holding capacity of S. superba-A. cochinchinensis was better than that of C. lanceolata-A. cochinchinensis among pure forest models, and the soil water holding capacity C. lanceolate+P. massoniana / Eucalyptus-A. cochinchinensis model was improved compared with that of C. lanceolata-A. cochinchinensis model. Only total nitrogen and total potassium contents of forest soil were significantly different in the 0~20 cm soil layer（P<0.01）, but all the indexes were significantly different in the 20~40 cm soil layer（P<0.01）. The soil nutrient content of S. superba-A. cochinchinensis model was higher than that of the C. lanceolata-A. cochinchinensis model, while the soil nutrient content of C. lanceolate+ P. massoniana/ Eucalyptus-A. cochinchinensis in the 0~20 cm soil layer was better than that of the C. lanceolate-A. cochinchinensis model, but the nutrient accumulation in the 20~40 cm soil layer varied according to the model. For the rhizosphere soil of A. cochinchinensis, only the total carbon content was extremely significantly different among models（P<0.01）. The nutrient content of the rhizosphere soil in S. superba-A. cochinchinensis was the best, and the nutrient content of the rhizosphere soil in mixed forest of C. lanceolata was higher than that of pure forest of C. lanceolata. In conclusion, soil properties were improved under the S. superba-A. cochinchinensis model, which could be extended in production. However, the supplementation of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer should be emphasized. The soil properties of C. lanceolate+P. massoniana/Eucalyptus-A. cochinchinensis model were better than those of C. lanceolata-A. cochinchinensis model.

Key words: Asparagus cochinchinensis, artificial forest, understory interplanting models, soil physical properties, nutrient

中图分类号:

陆珍先, 马道承, 蒋丰璟, 杨梅, 徐圆圆, 申礼凤. 不同人工林下种植天门冬对土壤物理性质及养分含量的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(1): 28-34.

LU Zhen-xian, MA Dao-cheng, JIANG Feng-jing, YANG Mei, XU Yuan-yuan, SHEN Li-feng. Effects of planting Asparagus cochinchinensis in different artificial forests on soil physical properties and nutrient content[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(1): 28-34.

参考文献

[1] XU H, WANG F, HU Z X, et al.Moso bamboo-Polygonatum cyrtonema agroforestry systems: Evaluation of soil quality and polygonatum yield[J]. Forests, 2023, 14(7): 1426.
[2] YANG K, WANG H L, LUO L F, et al.Effects of different soil moisture on the growth, quality, and root rot disease of organic Panax notoginseng cultivated under pine forests[J]. Journal of environmental management, 2023, 329: 117069.
[3] 韦铄星, 刘晓蔚, 张烨, 等.桉树-药材复合经营模式生态经济效益研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(11): 84-89.
[4] 周泽建. 林药复合种植走马胎植物生长与生理生态特性[D].北京: 中央民族大学,2020.
[5] 曹秋婵. 低丘林下种植鸡血藤早期生长与类黄酮含量相关性研究[D].南宁: 广西大学,2021.
[6] 唐梦云,杨开太,黄春晖,等.低丘林下药材种植对土壤养分及酶活性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2022,42(12):142-152.
[7] MORAKINYO T E, LAI A, LAU K K L, et al. Thermal benefits of vertical greening in a high-density city: Case study of Hong Kong[J]. Urban forestry & urban greening, 2019, 37: 42-55.
[8] WANG G H, LIN Y M, KUO J T, et al.Comparison of biofunctional activity of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. Extract before and after fermentation with Aspergillus oryzae[J]. Journal of bioscience and bioengineering, 2019, 127(1): 59-65.
[9] 黄宝优,韦树根,柯芳,等.广西天门冬种质资源调查报告[J].北方园艺,2011(10): 161-163.
[10] LIANG J, YE Y, PENG Y, et al.Effects of stimulated acid rain on physiological characteristics and active ingredient content of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.[J]. Pakistan journal of botany, 2018, 50(6): 2395-2399.
[11] 严毅,何银忠,王亚婷,等.云南海口林场中药林下种植模式初探[J].中国现代中药,2016,18(2): 173-177.
[12] 黄天忠. 不同油茶间作模式的土壤特性和光合生理及效益比较研究[D].贵阳: 贵州大学,2020.
[13] 杨开太,韩小美,梁燕芳,等.林下种植3种药材对土壤理化性质和养分的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2023,51(9): 83-86.
[14] 马可锦,郭松,林海.基于组态效应的高峰森林公园使用后评价研究[J].西部林业科学,2022,51(6): 24-30.
[15] 国家林业局.中华人民共和国林业行业标准森林土壤分析方法[M].北京: 中国标准出版社,2000.
[16] 鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M].第三版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[17] YU Y H, LIN X, GUO Y D, et al.The compound forest-medicinal plant system enhances soil carbon utilization[J]. Forests, 2023, 14(6): 1233.
[18] 王恒力. 秦巴山区核桃林及其林下种植模式土壤有机碳氮矿化特征[D].四川雅安: 四川农业大学,2023.
[19] 霍慧智. 马尾松人工林林下种植模式对土壤及森林健康影响研究[D].长沙: 中南林业科技大学,2023.
[20] 高静,王楠,万修福,等.林下种植重楼和珠子参根际土壤与原生林地土壤特征差异[J].中国现代中药,2022,24(2): 304-313.
[21] 袁星明,朱宁华,郭耆,等.南亚热带不同人工林对土壤理化性质的影响及土壤质量评价[J].林业科学研究,2022,35(3): 112-122.
[22] 李式杰. 不同林下种植经营模式对土壤质量的影响[D].南昌: 江西农业大学,2022.
[23] 陈欣凡,林国伟,洪滔,等.不同林龄杉木千年桐混交林与纯林土壤理化性质特征比较[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(9): 1660-1665.
[24] 元赛杰. 邯郸市山区核桃药材复合经营模式效益分析[D]. 河北邯郸: 河北工程大学,2021.
[25] 陈炬烽,钟起尧,郭志鹏,等.人工生态种植对土壤理化性质、多花黄精产量及品质的影响[J].中药材,2023(7): 1613-1616.
[26] 段丽华,甘云浩,周彬,等.林下种植大球盖菇对土壤的影响研究[J].林业调查规划,2019,44(1): 58-63.
[27] 周星宇,陈绪文,龚伟,等.大渡河干热河谷区核桃林下种植模式对土壤团粒结构分形特征的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2020,35(1): 21-27,53.
[28] 向珊珊,李金柱,晏绍良,等.大别山区低山丘陵板栗林药套种对小气候和土壤性质的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(3): 82-87.
[29] 李晨晨,周再知,梁坤南,等.南药立体经营模式土壤质量综合评价[J].植物研究,2017,37(5): 778-788.
[30] YANG X, LI Y Z, LI C Y, et al.Enhancement of interplanting of Ficus carica L. with Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. on growth of two plants[J]. Agriculture, 2021, 11(12): 1276.
[31] 张莉,张艳玲,刘红云,等.茅苍术林下种植模式对土壤养分及其根茎品质的影响[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(8): 2117-2123.
[32] 王毓靖. 桉树红锥纯林及混交林根系特征与土壤理化性质研究[D].长沙: 中南林业科技大学,2022.
[33] 刘凯,陈乾,王希贤,等.不同林龄福建柏混交林与纯林土壤养分的动态变化[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2022,51(2): 185-194.
[34] 肖良俊,谢正万,张传光,等.核桃中药材不同复合经营模式土壤肥力综合评价[J].东北林业大学学报,2021,49(1): 91-95.
[35] 王楠,高静,万修福,等.林下种植重楼和珠子参后土壤细菌结构与功能变化[J].西北林学院学报,2023,38(3):130-137.
[36] 杨文龙. 林下种植模式对核桃林土壤物理和生物化性质的影响[D].四川雅安: 四川农业大学,2020.
[37] 莫雪丽,戴晓琴,王辉民,等.中亚热带典型人工林常见乔灌木根际效应——以江西泰和千烟洲为例[J].植物生态学报, 2018,42(7):723-733.
[38] WANG H L, CAO X Q, FAN W, et al.Effects of intercropping systems of Phyllostachys edulis and Bletilla striata on soil bacterial community composition and function[J]. Agroforestry systems, 2023, 97: 617-630.
[39] 俞月凤,韦建华,曾成城,等.桂西北喀斯特地区不同林龄核桃间作中草药对土壤生物化学性状的影响[J].西南农业学报,2023,36(9): 1898-1905.
[40] 王楠,高静,万修福,等.林下种植重楼和珠子参根际土壤与微生物量碳(C),氮(N),磷(P)生态化学计量特征研究[J].中国中药杂志,2020,45(18): 4373-4381.
[41] 徐雪蕾,卢妮妮,王新杰,等.不同套种模式下草珊瑚生物量与土壤理化性质的相关性[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(10): 61-64.