云系烤烟品种在红河不同气候类型植烟区域的适应性分析

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.11.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为筛选适宜红河烟区不同植烟区域的最佳烤烟品种,系统评价了烤烟品种在红河不同气候类型烟草种植区域的适应性。以云烟87、云烟105、云烟116和云烟121为材料,在红河烟区典型气候类型(南亚热带气候的蒙自点、中亚热带气候的弥勒点、北亚热带气候的泸西点)下开展试验,分析不同烤烟品种的田间生长表现、产量、产值、化学成分及感官品质的差异。结果表明,气候显著影响烟株生长、烟叶品质和评吸质量,其中有效积温显著影响烟叶糖类物质积累和烟叶香气浓度。烤烟品种表现因气候区域差异显著,其中蒙自点的烤烟品种田间表现、产量、产值、两糖差、氮碱比表现为云烟121和云烟116优于云烟105和云烟87;弥勒点和泸西点为云烟116优于其他3个烤烟品种,并且云烟116、云烟87和云烟105田间表现、产量、产值、两糖差、氮碱比表现在弥勒点和泸西点均优于蒙自点;云烟121表现随纬度升高呈递减趋势,即蒙自点表现最佳,弥勒点次之,泸西点相对较弱。进一步基于灰色关联结果分析表明,云烟121和云烟116在蒙自点表现较好,而云烟116在弥勒点和泸西点表现较好。综合结果表明,在本试验条件下云烟116和云烟121在蒙自、弥勒和泸西3个试验点中适应性较好,其中蒙自点宜选用云烟121,弥勒点和泸西点宜选用云烟116,本研究为红河烟区烤烟品种的选择提供了科学依据。

关键词: 烤烟品种, 气候因素, 烟叶质量, 适应性, 灰色关联法

Abstract: To identify the optimal flue-cured tobacco varieties for different agroclimatic regions in the Honghe tobacco-growing area, this study systematically evaluated the adaptability of four varieties, i.e., Yunyan 87, Yunyan 105, Yunyan 116, and Yunyan 121, across representative climatic zones in terms of tropical southern Yunnan climate in Mengzi, mid-subtropical climate in Mile, and north-subtropical climate in Luxi. Field experiments were conducted to analyze differences in agronomic traits, yield, economic value, chemical composition, and sensory quality among the varieties. The results revealed that, climate significantly influenced tobacco growth, leaf quality, and smoking quality, with the effective accumulated temperature playing a critical role in sugar accumulation and aroma concentration in tobacco leaves. The performance of tobacco varieties varied significantly due to regional climate differences. Yunyan 121 and 116 exhibited superior agronomic traits, yields, economic values, sugar differences, and nitrogen-alkaloid ratios than Yunyan 105 and 87 in Mengzi site. Yunyan 116 performed better than the other three varieties in Mile and Luxi sites. Yunyan 116, 87, and 105 generally performed better in these regions than in Mengzi site. Yunyan 121 showed a declining trend in performance with increasing latitude, performing best in Mengzi, followed by Mile, and relatively weaker in Luxi. Gray correlation analysis further confirmed that Yunyan 121 and 116 were the best-performing varieties in Mengzi, whereas Yunyan 116 was the most suitable for Mile and Luxi. In conclusion, Yunyan 116 and 121 demonstrated strong adaptability across the three tested sites. Specifically, Yunyan 121 was recommended for Mengzi, whereas Yunyan 116 was the optimal choice for Mile and Luxi under the experimental conditions, providing a scientific basis for variety selection in the Honghe tobacco-growing area.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco varieties, climatic factors, tobacco leaf quality, adaptability, grey relational analysis

中图分类号:

S572

张鲁民, 杨康, 李艳, 雍容婧, 刘超, 尹奇, 吕凯, 欧阳铖人. 云系烤烟品种在红河不同气候类型植烟区域的适应性分析[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(11): 110-118.

ZHANG Lu-min, YANG Kang, LI Yan, YONG Rong-jing, LIU Chao, YIN Qi, LYU Kai, OUYANG Cheng-ren. Adaptability analysis of flue-cured tobacco varieties of Yunyan under the different climate types of Honghe areas[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(11): 110-118.

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