炭基有机无机复混肥减钾施用对植烟土壤水溶性有机物及钾有效性的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.02.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究炭基有机无机复混肥减钾施用对植烟土壤水溶性有机物（DOM）特性及钾有效性的影响,选用2种植烟土壤（水稻土和旱地黄壤）开展盆栽试验,设置常规有机无机复混肥（CK）、等养分炭基有机无机复混肥（T1）、减钾10%的炭基有机无机复混肥（T2）和减钾15%的炭基有机无机复混肥（T3）4个处理,分析烤烟成熟期土壤理化性质、DOM光谱学特征及钾素形态。结果表明,土壤钾有效性对减钾的响应因土壤类型而异。在水稻土中,T1、T2和T3的水溶性钾（WSK）含量较CK分别显著减少24.7%、34.5%和40.3%,非交换性钾（NEK）含量均低于CK,其中T3显著减少40.4%;黄壤中各形态钾含量相对稳定,无显著差异。各炭基有机无机复混肥处理均可促进2种土壤DOM中类腐殖质物质的积累并提高其腐殖化程度。相关性分析和冗余分析表明,DOM化学特性的变化在一定程度上调节了土壤钾素供给。综上,炭基有机无机复混肥减钾措施在黄壤中更具可行性,因其能维持钾素稳定,而水稻土中减钾易消耗非交换性钾库。

关键词: 炭基有机无机复混肥, 减钾, 植烟土壤, 水溶性有机物, 钾有效性

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of potassium-reduced application of biochar-based organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (BOCF) on dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics and potassium availability in tobacco-planting soils, pot experiments were conducted using two tobacco-planting soil types (paddy soil and upland yellow soil). Four treatments were set up, including conventional organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (CK), BOCF with equivalent nutrients (T1), BOCF with a 10% K₂O reduction (T2), and BOCF with a 15% K₂O reduction (T3). At the maturity stage of flue-cured tobacco, the physicochemical properties, the DOM spectroscopic characteristics, and the potassium fractionation of the soil were analyzed. The results showed that the response of soil potassium availability to potassium reduction varied with soil type. In paddy soil, the water-soluble potassium (WSK) content of T1, T2 and T3 was significantly reduced by 24.7%, 34.5% and 40.3% respectively, compared with CK. The non-exchangeable potassium (NEK) content of T1,T2 and T3 was lower than that of CK, with the T3 showing a significant decrease of 40.4%. The content of various forms of potassium in yellow soil was relatively stable, and there was no significant difference. Each BOCF treatment enhanced the accumulation of humic-like substances and the humification degree in DOM of both paddy and yellow soils. Correlation and redundancy analyses indicated that changes in the chemical properties of DOM in both soils partially regulated soil potassium supply. Therefore, the utilization of potassium-reduction techniques with biochar-based organic-inorganic compound fertilizer proved to be more viable in yellow soil for maintaining potassium stability, but led to the consumption of the non-exchangeable potassium pool in paddy soil.

Key words: biochar-based organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, reduction of potassium, tobacco-planting soil, dissolved organic matter, potassium availability

中图分类号:

S143.6
S153

刁韩倩, 田维强, 张小韬, 路慧君, 张敏, 齐永波. 炭基有机无机复混肥减钾施用对植烟土壤水溶性有机物及钾有效性的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(2): 27-35.

DIAO Han-qian, TIAN Wei-qiang, ZHANG Xiao-tao, LU Hui-jun, ZHANG Min, QI Yong-bo. Effects of potassium-reduced application of biochar-based organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on dissolved organic matter and potassium availability in tobacco-planting soil[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(2): 27-35.

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