湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (2): 42-47.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.02.007

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

水肥一体化模式下不同灌溉量对冬马铃薯生长及产量的影响

李思雨1, 扶艳艳2, 韦薇1, 吴旭1, 李笑媛1, 李旭1, 鲁耀2   

  1. 1.红河哈尼族彝族自治州农业科学院,云南 蒙自 661100;
    2.云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明 650506
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-08 出版日期:2026-03-04 发布日期:2026-03-04
  • 通讯作者: 扶艳艳(1984-),女,河南信阳人,助理研究员,主要从事植物营养与土壤肥料研究工作,(电子信箱)411791715@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:李思雨(1989-),女,云南漾濞人,硕士,主要从事土壤与肥料研究,(电子信箱)506706618@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2022YFD1901504); 中央耕地建设与利用资金项目(2130135)

Effects of different irrigation amounts on the growth and yield of winter potato under integrated water and fertilizer management

LI Si-yu1, FU Yan-yan2, WEI Wei1, WU Xu1, LI Xiao-yuan1, LI Xu1, LU Yao2   

  1. 1. Honghe Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mengzi 661100, Yunnan, China;
    2. Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650506, China
  • Received:2025-09-08 Published:2026-03-04 Online:2026-03-04

摘要: 针对云南高原冬季缺水区的水肥协同优化需求,基于膜下滴灌水肥一体化模式,系统探讨不同灌溉量对冬马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)生长性状、商品薯率及产量的影响。以昭薯12号为材料,设置传统管理模式(对照,灌溉量100%)与水肥一体化模式下5个灌溉梯度(T5~T1,灌溉量60%~100%)处理。结果表明,灌溉量对冬马铃薯出苗率与商品薯率无显著影响,但二者均随灌溉量减少呈下降趋势。株高随灌溉量减少而下降,其中,T4(70%灌溉量)和T5(60%灌溉量)处理显著低于其他处理。T3(80%灌溉量)处理的单株薯数最高,且显著高于对照处理。T1(100%灌溉量)处理的单薯重、产量及地上部生物量最高,并随灌溉量减少呈下降趋势。相关性分析表明,产量与地上部生物量、单薯重、出苗率及灌溉量呈显著正相关。在膜下滴灌水肥一体化模式下,维持100%灌溉量能最大程度保障冬马铃薯的生长与产量潜力,是实现区域高产优质生产的有效策略。

关键词: 水肥一体化模式, 灌溉量, 冬马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.), 生长, 产量

Abstract: In response to the need for synergistic optimization of water and fertilizer in the water-deficient areas during winter of the Yunnan Plateau, the effects of different irrigation amounts on the growth traits, marketable tuber rate and yield of winter potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were systematically investigated based on the integrated water and fertilizer management under mulch drip irrigation. Using Zhaoshu No. 12 as the test material, treatments included a traditional management model (control, 100% irrigation amount) and five irrigation gradients (T5 to T1, 60% to 100% irrigation amount) under the integrated water and fertilizer management. The results showed that the irrigation amount had no significant effect on the emergence rate and marketable tuber rate of winter potato, but both showed a downward trend as the irrigation amount decreased. Plant height decreased with the reduction of irrigation amount, and the T4 (70% irrigation amount) and T5 (60% irrigation amount) treatments were significantly lower than the other treatments. The tuber number per plant was the highest in the T3 (80% irrigation amount) treatment and was significantly higher than that in the control treatment. The single tuber weight, yield, and aboveground biomass were the highest in the T1 (100% irrigation amount) treatment and showed a decreasing trend as the irrigation amount decreased. Correlation analysis indicated that yield was significantly positively correlated with aboveground biomass, single tuber weight, emergence rate, and irrigation amount. Under the integrated water and fertilizer management with mulch drip irrigation, maintaining a 100% irrigation amount could maximize the growth and yield potential of winter potato, representing an effective strategy for achieving high yield and quality production in the region.

Key words: integrated water and fertilizer management, irrigation amount, winter potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), growth, yield

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