关键词: 马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）, 原原种, 基质, 密度, 产量, 经济效益, 高海拔地区

Abstract: Substrate combination and planting density are the key factors affecting the yield and economic benefits of pre-basic seed potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). To optimize cultivation techniques and enhance production efficiency, the effects of different substrate combinations and planting densities on the yield and economic benefits of pre-basic seed potatoes in high-altitude regions were studied by using the two-factor randomized block design with the virus-free seedlings of the late-maturing variety Zangnongshu No.1 as materials. The results showed that among the substrate combinations, treatment A1 (coconut coir∶peat = 2∶1, volume ratio, similarly hereinafter) produced the highest number of effective seed and the best economic benefits. Treatment A2 (vermiculite∶peat = 2∶1) resulted in better plant growth traits and the highest total pre-basic seed number and weight. Regarding density treatments, the low-density treatment B3 (10 cm×5 cm) exhibited the best plant growth traits and the highest percentage of effective seeds. As planting density increased, the total number of pre-basic seed increased, while the number of effective seed, the effective seed rate, and economic benefits decreased. A comprehensive evaluation using the membership function method identified the combinations A2B3 (vermiculite∶peat = 2∶1, density 10 cm×5 cm), A1B3 (coconut coir∶peat = 2∶1, density 10 cm × 5 cm), and A1B2 (coconut coir∶peat = 2∶1, density 8 cm×5 cm) as viable options for pre-basic seed propagation of the Zangnongshu No.1 variety.

Key words: potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), pre-basic seed, substrate, density, yield, economic benefit, high altitude regions