磷限制下入侵与本土植物叶片磷组分分配策略的差异及其生态适应性

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.03.007

湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (3): 42-49.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.03.007

磷限制下入侵与本土植物叶片磷组分分配策略的差异及其生态适应性

范英旭^1,2, 王法明³, 闫茹^1,2, 李明峰^1,2

1.安顺学院旅游生态与环境学院,贵州安顺 561000;
2.贵州省高校乡村振兴研究中心,贵州安顺 561000;
3.中国科学院华南植物园/广东省应用植物学重点实验室/小良热带海岸带生态系统研究站/海岛与滨海生态系统生态修复工程实验室,广州 510650

收稿日期:2025-09-08 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-09
通讯作者: 李明峰（1993-）,男,吉林通化人,副教授,主要从事水土保持和土壤优先流研究,（电子信箱）m17710660921@163.com。
作者简介:范英旭（1992-）,男,四川成都人,讲师,博士,主要从事生态恢复和植物生理生态学研究,（电子信箱）lvcao111@163.com。
基金资助:
贵州省教育厅高等学校研究项目（青年项目）（黔教技〔2022〕330）; 贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合基础-ZK〔2023〕一般024）

Differences in leaf phosphorus component allocation strategies and ecological adaptability between invasive and native plants under phosphorus limitation

FAN Ying-xu^1,2, WANG Fa-ming³, YAN Ru^1,2, LI Ming-feng^1,2

1. School of Tourism, Ecology and Environment, Anshun University, Anshun 561000, Guizhou, China;
2. Rural Revitalization Research Center for Universities of Guizhou Province, Anshun 561000, Guizhou, China;
3. South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany/Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems / Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Islands and Coastal Zones, Guangzhou 510650, China

Received:2025-09-08 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-04-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示磷限制环境中入侵植物与本土植物的适应机制差异,选取华南地区常见的豆科（Fabaceae）和桃金娘科（Myrtaceae）入侵植物[马占相思（Acacia mangium）、巨尾桉（Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla）]与本土植物[格木（Erythrophleum fordii）、红枝蒲桃（Syzygium rehderianum）],通过设置本底磷处理（磷限制）与磷添加处理,比较其生长速率、叶片功能性状及5类磷组分（无机磷酸根、小分子有机磷、核酸磷、膜脂磷、残态磷）的含量与分配比例,并结合主成分分析（PCA）评估其表型可塑性。结果表明,入侵植物在本底磷处理和磷添加处理下均具有较高的生长速率、氮光合利用效率、磷光合利用效率。入侵植物通常将磷分配到无机磷酸根和核酸磷组分来增加生长速率、提高氮和磷的光合利用效率,而本土植物则倾向于将磷分配到膜脂磷中,这可能与其维持胁迫响应和膜系统稳定性有关。巨尾桉具有灵活的磷利用策略,可以适应不同磷环境,而马占相思则特异性地适应低磷环境,可能通过高效磷获取加剧土壤磷消耗,威胁本地(广州市)生物的多样性。华南地区既是全球生物多样性热点区域,又普遍面临土壤磷限制问题。在生态修复与植被建设中,应优先考虑本土植物的引种与应用,以提升生态系统稳定性,强化生物多样性保护功能。

关键词: 磷限制, 入侵植物, 本土植物, 叶片磷组分, 分配策略差异, 生态适应性

Abstract: To reveal the differences in adaptation mechanisms between invasive plants and native plants in phosphorus-limited environments, common Fabaceae and Myrtaceae invasive plants（Acacia mangium, Eucalyptus grandis×urophylla） and native plants （Erythrophleum fordii, Syzygium rehderianum） in South China were selected. By establishing a background phosphorus treatment (phosphorus limitation) and a phosphorus addition treatment, their growth rate, leaf functional traits, and the content and allocation proportion of five phosphorus components (inorganic phosphate, small-molecular organic phosphorus, nucleic acid phosphorus, membrane lipid phosphorus, and residual phosphorus) were compared. Phenotypic plasticity was assessed using principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that invasive plants had higher growth rates, photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency, and photosynthetic phosphorus-use efficiency under both the background phosphorus treatment and the phosphorus addition treatment. Invasive plants typically allocated phosphorus to inorganic phosphate and nucleic acid phosphorus components to increase growth rate and enhance photosynthetic nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency. In contrast, native plants tended to allocate phosphorus to membrane lipid phosphorus, which might be related to maintaining stress response and membrane system stability. Eucalyptus grandis×urophylla exhibited a flexible phosphorus utilization strategy, enabling adaptation to different phosphorus environments, whereas Acacia mangium was specifically adapted to low-phosphorus environments, potentially exacerbating soil phosphorus depletion through efficient phosphorus acquisition and threatening local（Guangzhou City） biodiversity. Southern China was a global biodiversity hotspot that, despite its rich biological diversity, faced widespread soil phosphorus limitation. In ecological restoration and vegetation establishment efforts, priority was given to the introduction and application of native plant species to enhance ecosystem stability and strengthen biodiversity conservation.

Key words: phosphorus limitation, invasive plants, native plants, leaf phosphorus components, differences in allocation strategies, ecological adaptability

中图分类号:

Q948.1

范英旭, 王法明, 闫茹, 李明峰. 磷限制下入侵与本土植物叶片磷组分分配策略的差异及其生态适应性[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(3): 42-49.

FAN Ying-xu, WANG Fa-ming, YAN Ru, LI Ming-feng. Differences in leaf phosphorus component allocation strategies and ecological adaptability between invasive and native plants under phosphorus limitation[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(3): 42-49.

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磷限制下入侵与本土植物叶片磷组分分配策略的差异及其生态适应性

Differences in leaf phosphorus component allocation strategies and ecological adaptability between invasive and native plants under phosphorus limitation

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