湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (6): 31-37.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.06.006

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

绿肥油菜在中国农业生产中的应用研究进展

谢琳1, 杨茨1, 石妮霭1, 银秋玲2, 汪羽宁1, 李忠义1, 卢菊荣3, 丁成泉4   

  1. 1.广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/广西耕地保育重点实验室,南宁 530007;
    2.贺州市土壤肥料生态站,广西 贺州 542899;
    3.隆安县土壤肥料工作站,广西 隆安 532799;
    4.贺州市农技科教站,广西 贺州 542899
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-23 出版日期:2026-06-25 发布日期:2026-06-26
  • 通讯作者: 卢菊荣(1972-),女,广西横州人,高级农艺师,主要从事土壤培肥和改良研究,(电子信箱)289548868@qq.com;丁成泉(1981-),男,贵州遵义人,高级农艺师,主要从事作物营养与施肥研究,(电子信箱)hznyncj1@gxj.gxhz.gov.cn。
  • 作者简介:谢琳(1991-),女,广西博白人,研究实习员,主要从事农业资源与环境研究,(电子信箱)llxie118@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    广西重点研发计划项目(桂科农AB2509520001); 广西自然科学基金项目(2023GXNSFAA026484); 国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队项目(nycytxgxcxtd-2026-01); 广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2026YT144; 桂农科2025YP038); 广西特色作物试验站项目(TS202617); 广西科技先锋队专项行动项目(桂农科盟202513)

Research progress on the application of green manure rape in agricultural production in China

XIE Lin1, YANG Ci1, SHI Ni-ai1, YIN Qiu-ling2, WANG Yu-ning1, LI Zhong-yi1, LU Ju-rong3, DING Cheng-quan4   

  1. 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation/Agricultural Resource and Environment Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
    2. Hezhou Municipal Soil, Fertilizer and Ecological Station, Hezhou 542899, Guangxi,China;
    3. Long’an Soil and Fertilizer Workstation, Long’an 532799, Guangxi, China;
    4. Hezhou Agricultural Science and Education Station, Hezhou 542899, Guangxi,China
  • Received:2026-03-23 Published:2026-06-25 Online:2026-06-26

摘要: 绿肥油菜(Brassica napus L.)是一种清洁有机肥源,在培肥地力、改善土壤结构、优化土壤生物性状等方面发挥着重要作用,可为内源驱动土壤健康、落实“绿色兴农”战略提供有力支撑。系统分析绿肥油菜还田后的腐解特征与养分释放规律,明确还田方式、土壤环境、氮肥配施及腐熟剂等关键因素对其腐解速率和养分释放动态的调控作用;全面总结绿肥油菜在中国稻田、旱地、果茶园、盐碱地及重金属污染农田5类典型农业场景中的应用模式与生态效应,并从微生物驱动机制解析、多目标协同场景应用、推广服务体系构建3个方面对绿肥油菜的研究与应用方向进行展望,为中国农业绿色高质量发展提供理论支撑与技术参考。

关键词: 绿肥, 油菜(Brassica napus L.), 腐解特征, 应用模式, 耕地质量

Abstract: Green manure rape (Brassica napus L.) serves as a clean organic fertilizer source. It plays a vital role in improving soil fertility, ameliorating soil structure and optimizing soil biological properties, and can strongly support the endogenous promotion of soil health and the implementation of the strategy of green agricultural development. The decomposition characteristics and nutrient release patterns of returned green manure rape straw were systematically analyzed, and the regulatory effects of key factors including returning methods, soil environment, nitrogen fertilizer application and decomposer inoculants on its decomposition rate and dynamic nutrient release were clarified. The application modes and ecological effects of green manure rape in five typical agricultural scenarios in China, namely paddy fields, dry farmlands, orchards and tea gardens, saline-alkali lands, and heavy metal contaminated farmlands, were comprehensively summarized. Meanwhile, the prospects for the research and application of green manure rape were proposed from three aspects: the analysis of microbial driving mechanisms, multi-objective collaborative scenario application, and the construction of popularization and service systems, aiming to provide theoretical support and technical reference for the high-quality and green development of agriculture in China.

Key words: green manure, rape (Brassica napus L.), decomposition characteristics, application mode, cultivated land quality

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