碳基改良剂施用对盐渍土棉花花铃期根际土壤养分含量及生长的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.10.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对盐渍化棉田土壤养分固持能力低而导致的棉花生长障碍和产量低下等问题,以盐渍土和棉花为对象,设置对照（CK）、生物炭（BC）、有机肥（OF）、生物炭与有机肥配施（BOF）、草酸（OA）、葡萄糖（GLU）及草酸与葡萄糖配施处理（OG1、OG2）,系统评估不同改良措施对棉花花铃期根际土壤养分含量、根系生理特征、根系构型及棉花产量的调控效应。结果表明,与CK相比,BC在花铃期对根际土壤有机碳含量的提高优势最明显,OF在提升氮、钾养分含量方面表现稳定,BOF则在提升有效磷、速效钾、总氮和总钾含量等指标方面综合效果最好。在植株生长方面,BC、OF及BOF均显著促进棉花株高、茎粗、叶片SPAD值、地上部干物质量积累及根系发育,并显著提升了根部抗氧化能力,且以BOF的效果最佳;各处理均能显著提升棉花收获株数、铃数和产量,其中BOF的提升效果最好,其次为BC和OF。综上可知,碳基改良剂的施用能改善盐渍土条件下棉花花铃期根际土壤养分状况、提高棉花根部抗氧化酶活性以及促进根系发育,最终提高棉花产量。

关键词: 盐渍土, 碳基改良剂, 棉花, 根际土壤养分含量, 生长

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of inhibited cotton growth and low yield caused by low soil nutrient retention capacity in saline cotton fields, saline soil and cotton were taken as research materials. Eight treatments were set, including control (CK), biochar (BC), organic fertilizer (OF), combined application of biochar and organic fertilizer (BOF), oxalic acid (OA), glucose (GLU), and two combined treatments of oxalic acid and glucose (OG1, OG2). The regulatory effects of different amendment measures on rhizosphere soil nutrient content, root physiological characteristics, root architecture, and yield of cotton at the flowering-boll stage were systematically evaluated. The results showed that compared with CK, BC exhibited the most significant improvement in rhizosphere soil organic carbon, while OF stably increased soil nitrogen and potassium contents. The BOF treatment achieved the best comprehensive effects in improving available phosphorus, available potassium, total nitrogen and total potassium contents. In terms of plant growth, BC, OF and BOF significantly promoted plant height, stem diameter, leaf SPAD value, above-ground dry matter accumulation and root development of cotton, and greatly enhanced root antioxidant capacity, with BOF showing the optimal effect. All treatments significantly increased plant number, boll number and yield of cotton, and BOF had the best improvement effect, followed by BC and OF. In conclusion, the application of carbon-based amendments could improve rhizosphere soil nutrient status, enhance root antioxidant enzyme activity, promote root development, and ultimately increase cotton yield under saline soil conditions.

Key words: saline soil, carbon-based amendments, cotton, rhizosphere soil nutrient content, growth

中图分类号:

S562
S156.2

郑书辉, 王耀锋, 李艾莎, 周宇超, 艾尼古丽·依明. 碳基改良剂施用对盐渍土棉花花铃期根际土壤养分含量及生长的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(10): 68-76.

ZHENG Shu-hui, WANG Yao-feng, LI Ai-sha, ZHOU Yu-chao, Ainiguli Yiming. Effects of carbon-based amendments on rhizosphere soil nutrient content and cotton growth at the flowering-boll stage in saline soil[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(10): 68-76.

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