湘早籼45号稻米品质对气象因子的响应

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.08.002

湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (8): 8-13.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.08.002

• 专题:稻米品质特性研究 • 上一篇下一篇

湘早籼45号稻米品质对气象因子的响应

杨婉蓉^1,2,3, 郑福维⁴, 解娜⁵, 帅子昂⁶, 帅细强^1,2

1.气象防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室/湖南省气象科学研究所,长沙 410118;
2.洞庭湖国家气候观象台,湖南岳阳 414000;
3.湖南省常德市气象局,湖南常德 415000;
4.湘西州气象局,湖南吉首 416000;
5.中国气象局气象干部培训学院湖南分院,长沙 410000;
6.湖南省郴州市安仁县气象局,湖南安仁 423600

收稿日期:2026-04-01 发布日期:2026-09-02
通讯作者: 帅细强（1970-）,男,湖南醴陵人,正高级工程师,硕士,主要从事农业气象研究,(电子信箱)nqsxq@163.com。
作者简介:杨婉蓉（1999-）,女,湖南汉寿人,工程师,硕士,主要从事农业气象方面研究,(电子信箱)18773615552@163.com
基金资助:
中国气象局气候变化专题项目（QBZJ2025011）; 国家重点研发计划项目子课题（2022YFD2300203）; 湖南省气象局创新发展重点专项（CXFZ2023-ZDZX02）

Response of rice quality of Xiangzaoxian 45 to meteorological factors

YANG Wan-rong^1,2,3, ZHENG Fu-wei⁴, XIE Na⁵, SHUAI Zi-ang⁶, SHUAI Xi-qiang^1,2

1. Hunan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction/Hunan Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Changsha 410118, China;
2. Dongting Lake National Climate Observatory, Yueyang 414000, Hunan, China;
3. Changde Meteorological Bureau of Hunan Province, Changde 415000, Hunan, China;
4. Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture Meteorological Bureau, Jishou 416000, Hunan, China;
5. Hunan Branch of Meteorological Cadre Training College, China Meteorological Administration, Changsha 410000, China;
6. Anren Meteorological Bureau of Chenzhou City, Hunan Province, Anren 423600, Hunan, China

Received:2026-04-01 Online:2026-09-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 分析2023年和2024年湘早籼45号分期播种田间试验稻米品质与抽穗至乳熟期、乳熟至成熟期、抽穗至成熟期3个不同时间段气象条件的关系;采用二次多项式和线性拟合的方法,基于2023年第1—4播期（3月10日、3月25日、4月5日、4月15日）和2024年第1、3、4播期数据分别建立糙米率、精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度、直链淀粉含量等稻米品质指标的预测模型;用2024年第2播期做检验,分析模型的预测误差和准确率。结果显示,建立的稻米品质预测模型误差均不超过5%,模型确定了影响各稻米品质要素的关键气象因子,影响糙米率、精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度和直链淀粉含量的关键气象因子分别为抽穗至成熟期日平均降水量、抽穗至乳熟期气温日较差、抽穗至乳熟期日平均气温和日平均最高气温、抽穗至成熟期日平均降水量和气温日较差以及乳熟至成熟期气温日较差。

关键词: 湘早籼45号, 稻米品质, 气象因子, 预测模型, 准确率

Abstract: The correlations between rice quality obtained from staggered sowing field experiments of Xiangzaoxian 45 in 2024 and 2023 and meteorological conditions of three growth stages (heading to milky ripening, milky ripening to maturity, heading to maturity) were analyzed. Prediction models for rice quality indicators including brown rice rate, milled rice rate, chalky grain rate, chalkiness degree and amylose content were established via quadratic polynomial and linear fitting methods based on datasets of the 1st-4th sowing dates（March 10, March 25, April 5 and April 15） in 2023 as well as the 1st, 3rd and 4th sowing dates in 2024. Data of the 2nd sowing date in 2024 were adopted for model validation, through which prediction error and accuracy were analyzed. The results indicated that prediction errors of all constructed rice quality prediction models were controlled within 5%. Key meteorological factors affecting each rice quality index were identified. Respectively, daily mean precipitation from heading to maturity, diurnal temperature range from heading to milky ripening, daily mean temperature and daily mean maximum temperature from heading to milky ripening, daily mean precipitation together with diurnal temperature range from heading to maturity, and diurnal temperature range from milky ripening to maturity were confirmed as the dominant meteorological factors for brown rice rate, milled rice rate, chalky grain rate, chalkiness degree and amylose content.

Key words: Xiangzaoxian 45, rice quality, meteorological factors, prediction model, accuracy

中图分类号:

S511

杨婉蓉, 郑福维, 解娜, 帅子昂, 帅细强. 湘早籼45号稻米品质对气象因子的响应[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(8): 8-13.

YANG Wan-rong, ZHENG Fu-wei, XIE Na, SHUAI Zi-ang, SHUAI Xi-qiang. Response of rice quality of Xiangzaoxian 45 to meteorological factors[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(8): 8-13.

参考文献

[1] SALEM E G, EL HISSEWY A, AGAMY N F, et al.Assessment of the quality of bran and bran oil produced from some Egyptian rice varieties[J]. The journal of the Egyptian public health association,2014,89(1):29-34.
[2] SONG Y L,WANG C Y,LINDERHOLM H W,et al.The negative impact of increasing temperatures on rice yields in Southern China[J].Science of the total environment,2022,820:153262.
[3] 高永刚,王芳,王艳,等.气象条件对三江平原水稻产量和营养品质的影响[J].气象与环境学报,2024,40(6):78-88.
[4] 龚金龙,张洪程,胡雅杰,等.灌浆结实期温度对水稻产量和品质形成的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(2):482-491.
[5] 滕中华,智丽,吕俊,等.灌浆期高温对水稻光合特性、内源激素和稻米品质的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(23):6504-6511.
[6] TANAMACHI K, MIYAZAKI M, MATSUO K, et al.Differential responses to high temperature during maturation in heat-stress-tolerant cultivars of Japonica rice[J]. Plant production science,2016,19(2):300-308.
[7] MORITA S, WADA H, MATSUE Y.Countermeasures for heat damage in rice grain quality under climate change[J]. Plant production science,2016,19(1):1-11.
[8] REHMANI M I A, WEI G B, HUSSAIN N, et al. Yield and quality responses of two indica rice hybrids to post-anthesis asymmetric day and night open-field warming in lower reaches of Yangtze River Delta[J]. Field crops research,2014,156:231-241.
[9] DOU Z, TANG S, CHEN W Z, et al.Effects of open-field warming during grain-filling stage on grain quality of two japonica rice cultivars in lower reaches of Yangtze River Delta[J]. Journal of cereal science,2018,81:118-126.
[10] 黎用朝,李小湘.影响稻米品质的遗传和环境因素研究进展[J].中国水稻科学,1998,12(S1):58-62.
[11] 孟亚利,周治国.结实期温度与稻米品质的关系[J].中国水稻科学,1997,11(1):51-54.
[12] LYMAN N B, JAGADISH K S V, NALLEY L L, et al. Neglecting rice milling yield and quality underestimates economic losses from high-temperature stress[J]. PLoS one,2013,8(8):e72157.
[13] 曹云英. 高温对水稻产量与品质的影响及其生理机制[D].江苏扬州:扬州大学,2009.
[14] 周鸿凯,郭建夫,黎华寿,等.光温因子与杂交水稻生态群体的产量和品质性状的典型相关分析[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(4):663-667.
[15] 王成瑷,王伯伦,张文香,等.不同生育时期干旱胁迫对水稻产量与碾米品质的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2007,21(6):643-649.
[16] 王人民,丁元树.水稻抽穗和结实期的生态因子研究——Ⅰ 土壤水分对早稻结实和籽粒品质的影响[J].浙江农业大学学报,1989,15(1):14-20.
[17] 邓定武,谭正之,龙兴汉,等.灌溉对杂交水稻产量及稻米品质的影响[J].作物研究,1990,4(2):7-9.
[18] 蔡一霞,朱庆森,王志琴,等.结实期土壤水分对稻米品质的影响[J].作物学报,2002,28(5):601-608.
[19] 胡铫. 干旱胁迫对8个水稻品种芽期、产量和稻米品质性状的影响[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2020.
[20] 杨联松,白一松,李少恒,等.气候条件对稻米品质性状的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2003,31(3):341-342,344.
[21] 程方民,钟连进.不同气候生态条件下稻米品质性状的变异及主要影响因子分析[J].中国水稻科学,2001,15(3):187-191.
[22] 袁莉民,常二华,徐伟,等.结实期低温对杂交水稻胚乳结构的影响[J].作物学报,2006,32(1):96-102,164-166.
[23] AMBARDEKAR A A,SIEBENMORGEN T J,COUNCE P A,et al.Impact of field-scale nighttime air temperatures during kernel development on rice milling quality[J]. Field crops research,2011,122(3):179-185.
[24] LANNING S B, SIEBENMORGEN T J, COUNCE P A, et al.Extreme nighttime air temperatures in 2010 impact rice chalkiness and milling quality[J]. Field crops research,2011,124(1):132-136.
[25] 段骅,唐琪,剧成欣,等.抽穗灌浆早期高温与干旱对不同水稻品种产量和品质的影响[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(22):4561-4573.
[26] 陶士博,李鸣晓,徐铨.环境因素对水稻淀粉特性的影响[J].北方水稻,2020,50(1):1-7.
[27] 冯向前,殷敏,王孟佳,等.南方稻区“早籼晚粳”栽培模式晚季灌浆期气象因子对晚粳稻品质的影响[J].中国农业科学,2023,56(1):46-63.
[28] 蔡水文,陈良碧.温度对不同类型早籼稻灌浆期间直链淀粉、蛋白质积累的影响[J].生命科学研究,2004,8(2):145-149.
[29] ZHONG L J, CHENG F M, WEN X, et al.The deterioration of eating and cooking quality caused by high temperature during grain filling in early-season indica rice cultivars[J]. Journal of agronomy and crop science,2005,191(3):218-225.
[30] WON J G, CHOI J S, LEE S P, et al.Water saving by shallow intermittent irrigation and growth of rice[J]. Plant production science,2005,8(4):487-492.
[31] YANG X L, WANG B F, CHEN L, et al.The different influences of drought stress at the flowering stage on rice physiological traits, grain yield, and quality[J]. Scientific reports,2019,9:3742.
[32] ZHANG Z C, ZHANG S F, YANG J, et al.Yield, grain quality and water use efficiency of rice under non-flooded mulching cultivation[J]. Field crops research,2008,108(1):71-81.
[33] 杨陶陶,解嘉鑫,黄山,等.花后增温对双季晚粳稻产量和稻米品质的影响[J].中国农业科学,2020,53(7):1338-1347.
[34] FAN X L, LI Y Q, ZHU Y, et al.Characterization of physicochemical qualities and starch structures of two indica rice varieties tolerant to high temperature during grain filling[J]. Journal of cereal science,2020,93:102966.

湘早籼45号稻米品质对气象因子的响应

Response of rice quality of Xiangzaoxian 45 to meteorological factors

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	李阳, 田茂涛, 张作林, 汪本福, 张枝盛, 谢艺, 程建平. 长江中游地区再生稻品种丰产性和稻米品质分析[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(6): 1-8.
[2]	王若晗, 丁建兰, 姚俊巧, 马会萍, 马卓华. 牡丹品种群的花期物候特征[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(5): 119-125.
[3]	尹乐, 刘非, 刘志远, 田忠, 沈忱, 汪季涛, 胥天鹏, 吴元华. 移栽期对邵武烟区烤烟云烟87叶片发育及组织结构的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(4): 148-154.
[4]	李国华, 朱倩男, 付宇, 张翼, 童星元, 田琳, 陈正洪. 气候变化背景下道地蕲艾头茬单产对气象因子的响应与预测[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(4): 171-178.
[5]	田茂涛, 余振渊, 李阳, 张作林, 张枝盛, 程建平, 汪本福. 稻虾共作模式下氮肥减施对稻米品质的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(3): 20-29.
[6]	齐永杰, 徐文兵, 张晓龙, 赵东杰, 路小改, 毛春堂, 农正斌, 潘武宁, 徐茂华, 彭博. 基于Lasso的打叶复烤烟叶常规化学成分预测模型的构建[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(1): 90-96.
[7]	米渊博, 徐栋, 方贺. 基于Markov预测模型的1989—2037年嘉兴市景观生态格局时空变化特征[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(4): 100-107.
[8]	李立志, 沈立东, 赵炜, 徐荣照, 马俊, 董省身. 环境温湿度对烘丝入口水分的影响规律及预测控制[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(4): 164-170.
[9]	户雪敏, 朱志刚, 姜照琴, 季新, 陈利军, 史洪中. 基于全子集回归和BP神经网络的信阳稻瘟病预测模型构建[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(12): 104-109.
[10]	王亿, 曹姗姗, 孙伟, 胡博, 古丽米拉·克孜尔别克, 孔繁涛. 融合Transformer和LSTM的蓝莓根区土壤含水量预测模型[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2024, 63(8): 78-84.
[11]	马楠, 蔡朝朝, 白涛. 基于机器学习的新疆植被覆盖变化及其影响因子之间的关系[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2024, 63(8): 216-222.
[12]	吴成秋, 曹召丹, 赵小二, 吴宏宇, 邓科. 基于水文气象因子的农田生态系统碳通量预测[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2024, 63(8): 267-280.
[13]	罗爽, 杨林楠, 张丽莲, 彭琳, 李佩杉, 郜鲁涛. 基于高光谱的云岭牛雪花牛肉氨基酸含量预测[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2024, 63(7): 120-128.
[14]	唐建鹏, 陈京都, 张明伟, 姚义, 温凯, 闵思桂, 陆佩玲. 稻虾共作模式下品种和机插密度对稻米品质的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2024, 63(1): 1-6.
[15]	王云霆, 高敏华. 昌吉市土地利用时空演变及生态系统服务价值损益分析[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2024, 63(1): 18-24.