关键词: 花生, 新品种, 桂花62, 野生种质, 种间杂交, SSR分子标记, 选育

Abstract: Guihua 62 was a new peanut variety bred by crossing wild peanut germplasm Arachis doigoi, with cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Zhongkaihua No.4, Zhanyou 75, and &x0201c;2010-856” through inter-specific hybridization and intra-specific hybridization, combined with multiple generations of directional selection and pedigree breeding method. The results showed that, in the joint trial of new peanut varieties in Guangxi from 2019 to 2020, the average pod yield of Guihua 62 was 3 350.93 kg/hm², and the average seed yield was 2 229.30 kg/hm², which increased by 1.40% and 4.82% respectively compared to the control Guihua 21;the crude fat content was 54.80%, and the protein content was 24.80%; the weight of one hundred fruits was 169.6 g, with a filling rate of 78.2%;the weight of one hundred kernels was 61.2 g, with a kernel yield of 66.8%. According to SSR molecular marker detection,4 out of 15 pairs of SSR primers amplified unique bands of wild peanut parents in Guihua 62. In summary, Guihua 62 had high oil, high yield, stable production, moderate resistance to bacterial wilt and rust, strong drought resistance, wide adaptability,and excellent comprehensive traits, and was closely related to wild peanut. It was registered as a non major crop (peanut) by the state in 2020 and was suitable for promotion and planting in peanut production areas in Guangxi.

Key words: peanut, new variety, Guihua 62, wild germplasm, inter-specific hybridization, SSR molecular marker, breeding