湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (11): 66-70.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.11.008

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

陕西省大荔冬枣温室大棚不同种植年限土壤养分特征

杨玉娜1, 侯清娥1, 薛萍1, 蒋宝1, 赵蕊1, 付宏岐1, 许海媛2   

  1. 1.渭南职业技术学院,陕西 渭南 714026;
    2.陕西基亚尔检测研发有限公司,陕西 渭南 714026
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-23 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-05
  • 作者简介:杨玉娜(1986-),女,陕西白水人,副教授,硕士,主要从事土壤质量检测与改良研究,(电子信箱)yangyuna643@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    渭南市科技计划项目(重点研发计划)(ZDYFJH-234); 第四批渭南市“特支计划”项目; 陕西省科协青年人才托举计划项目(20240715); 渭南职业技术学院成果转化项目(WZYQNKJ202301); 渭南职业技术学院青年科技创新团队项目(WZYQNKJTD202302)

Soil nutrient characteristics in greenhouse cultivation of Dali winter jujube under different planting years in Shaanxi Province

YANG Yu-na1, HOU Qing-e1, XUE Ping1, JIANG Bao1, ZHAO Rui1, FU Hong-qi1, XU Hai-yuan2   

  1. 1. Weinan Vocational & Technical College, Weinan 714026, Shaanxi, China;
    2. Shaanxi Jiyaer Testing and Research Co., Ltd., Weinan 714026, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2025-05-23 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-12-05

摘要: 为了解大荔冬枣温室大棚土壤养分在不同土层的分布情况以及随着种植年限的变化情况,以未开垦荒地为对照,选取种植3、7、10年的冬枣温室大棚为土壤样地,考察大荔冬枣温室大棚不同种植年限、不同土层养分的分布情况以及不同养分指标之间的相关性。结果表明,各种植年限土壤有机质、全氮含量均偏低,而速效钾、有效磷、全钙和全镁含量属于较丰富水平,所以建议农户在施肥过程中提高有机肥和微生物肥的施用量,进而改善土壤质量,提高植物生长环境质量。土壤表层(0~20 cm)有机质和全氮含量较高,而水溶性盐总量、速效钾含量和有效磷含量随着土壤深度的增加呈下降趋势,全钙和全镁含量在20~40 cm土层最高。相关性分析表明,种植年限对各土壤养分含量影响不大;受到施肥方式的影响,土壤深度与有机质、全氮、速效钾含量均呈极显著负相关,与有效磷含量呈显著负相关;土壤养分之间也存在一定的相关性。

关键词: 土壤养分, 大荔冬枣, 种植年限, 温室大棚, 陕西省

Abstract: In order to understand the distribution of soil nutrients in Dali winter jujube greenhouses in different soil layers and the changes with the planting years, the uncultivated wasteland was used as a control, and the Dali winter jujube greenhouses planted for 3,7, and 10 years were selected as soil samples. The distribution of nutrients in different planting years and soil layers, and the correlation between different nutrient indexes in winter jujube greenhouses were investigated. The results showed that the content of organic matter and total nitrogen was relatively low in different planting years, while available potassium, available phosphorus, total calcium, and total magnesium levels were relatively high. Therefore, it was recommended that farmers increased the application of organic and microbial fertilizers to improve soil quality and enhance plant growth conditions. The contents of organic matter and total nitrogen in the surface soil (0-20 cm) were higher, while the contents of total water-soluble salt, available potassium and available phosphorus decreased with the increase of soil depth. The contents of total calcium and total magnesium were the highest in the 20-40 cm soil layer. Correlation analysis showed that planting years had little effect on soil nutrient content. Under the influence of fertilization methods, soil depth was extremely significantly negatively correlated with organic matter, total nitrogen and available potassium, and significantly negatively correlated with available phosphorus. There was also a certain correlation between soil nutrients.

Key words: soil nutrient, Dali winter jujube, planting years, greenhouses, Shaanxi Province

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