湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (12): 156-160.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.12.026

• 药用植物 • 上一篇    下一篇

六种山药农艺性状、营养品质及抗氧化功能的比较

孙瑞敏1, 陈立娜2, 腊贵晓3, 理向阳3, 杨铁钢1,3   

  1. 1.河南中医药大学药学院,郑州 450046;
    2.南京医科大学药学院,南京 211166;
    3.河南省农业科学院中药材研究所/河南省中药材资源保护与利用重点实验室,郑州 450002
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-05 发布日期:2025-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 杨铁钢(1967-),男,河南长垣人,研究员,博士,主要从事中药材资源与生理生态研究,(电子信箱)ytgha@163.com。
  • 作者简介:孙瑞敏(1998-),女,河南焦作人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为中药材药理药效,(电子信箱)srm061799@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-21); 河南省现代农业产业技术体系项目(HARS-22-11-G2)

Comparative of agronomic traits, nutritional quality, and antioxidant function of six varieties of Chinese yam

SUN Rui-min1, CHEN Li-na2, LA Gui-xiao3, LI Xiang-yang3, YANG Tie-gang1,3   

  1. 1. School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
    2. School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
    3. Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilisation of Chinese Materia Medica Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
  • Received:2025-06-05 Online:2025-12-30

摘要: 以6种类型山药(JJH、SY445、SY453、SY449、XBZ和SY442)为材料,系统比较了其田间农艺性状、营养品质及抗氧化功能。结果表明,在农艺性状方面,JJH长势强、产量最高(60 000.00 kg/hm2);在营养品质方面,JJH的粗纤维(1.70%)、蛋白质(13.06%)和总糖(6.44%)含量较高,而SY453的直链淀粉含量(27.86%)与直/支(67.54%)最高;在抗氧化功能方面,SY453的·OH自由基清除率最高(96.43%),JJH最低(77.59%);SY449在Fe3+还原力与ABTS自由基清除率(95.44%)方面均表现最强,SY453次之,其余 4种类型抗氧化能力相对较低且无显著差异。综合来看,SY449在抗氧化功能方面综合表现优异,而JJH产量高、口感爽脆,更适合鲜食炒制;SY449产量中等、质地绵软,更适宜蒸煮或作为功能食品原料。

关键词: 山药, 农艺性状, 营养品质, 抗氧化活性, 综合评价

Abstract: Six varieties of Chinese yam (JJH, SY445, SY453, SY449, XBZ, and SY442) were used as materials to systematically compare their field agronomic traits, nutritional quality, and antioxidant functions. The results showed that in terms of agronomic traits, JJH displayed strong growth vigor and the highest yield (60 000.00 kg/hm2); regarding nutritional quality, JJH contained higher levels of crude fiber (1.70%), protein (13.06%), and total sugar (6.44%), whereas SY453 had the highest amylose content (27.86%) and amylose-to-amylopectin ratio (67.54%); in antioxidant function, SY453 displayed the highest hydroxyl radical scavenging rate (96.43%), while JJH showed the lowest (77.59%); SY449 exhibited the strongest performance in both ferric ion reducing power and ABTS radical scavenging rate (95.44%), followed by SY453, the remaining four varieties demonstrated relatively low antioxidant capacity without significant differences. In summary, SY449 showed superior comprehensive performance in antioxidant function, whereas JJH, with high yield and crisp texture, was more suitable for fresh consumption or stir-frying; SY449, with medium yield and soft texture, was more suitable for steaming, boiling, or as a raw material for functional foods.

Key words: Chinese yam, agronomic traits, nutritional quality, antioxidant activity, comprehensive evaluation

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