Abstract: Taking the COVID-19 epidemic situation in S town of Henan province as an example, the balanced score card （BSC） is used as a performance evaluation tool. This study analyzes the value from three aspects of responsibility orientation, effect orientation and demand orientation of epidemic prevention and control, makes a one-to-one replacement of financial indexes customer dimension, internal operation index, learning and growth level of the epidemic prevention efficiency, villagers’ identification and participation, clarifying epidemic prevention rights and responsibilities, ensuring the sustainability of epidemic prevention and balanced scorecard （BSC）. Taking the construction of public health management performance evaluation system as the breakthrough point of improving public health governance ability. The evaluation system of epidemic prevention performance of S town in Henan province was constructed from four indexes of epidemic prevention efficiency, customers （villagers）, internal operation, learning and growth. In order to promote COVID-19 in villages and towns better, and open up a new situation in rural public health management.

Key words: balanced score card（BSC）, rural public health event, performance indicators, COVID-19