Preliminary study on wheat × maize induced haploid breeding technology in Northern Xinjiang

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.07.002

Abstract

Abstract: To establish a technical system for inducing wheat haploids via wheat-maize hybridization suitable for the Northern Xinjiang wheat-growing region, three winter wheat F₁ hybrids and three spring wheat F₁ hybrids were selected as female parents, and early-maturing sweet-waxy maize varieties of different types were introduced as male parents for pollination to induce haploid embryo formation in wheat. The difference of seed setting rate and haploid embryo recovery rate of different genotypes of wheat induced by maize under different sowing dates in the greenhouse was studied. The results showed that under greenhouse cultivation, the hybridization period for winter wheat and maize was mid-to-late May, while that for spring wheat and maize ranged from late May to early June, with a suitable duration of 7-14 days when sufficient maize pollen was available. The pollen rolling pollination method was applicable in this period. The seed setting rate of hybrid combinations ranged from 18.82% to 76.14%, and the embryo recovery rate was 1.41%-20.00%. The combining ability was ranked as Baitiannuo > Tiannuo 208-B3 > Wannuo. The average seed setting rate and average embryo recovery rate reached 39.79% and 6.68% with single pollination, respectively, while those increased to 53.91% and 10.77% with double pollination, indicating that double pollination significantly increased seed setting rate and embryo recovery rate. The average embryo recovery rate of plump hybrid caryopses was 5.84%, which was 2.17 times higher than that of shrivelled caryopses.

Key words: wheat(Triticum aestivum L.), maize (Zea mays L.), distant hybridization, haploid, breeding technology, seed setting rate, embryo recovery rate, Northern Xinjiang

CLC Number:

ZENG Tian-yun, ZHU Yu, LI Hui-qin, ZHANG Wen-tao, GUO Zong-zong, WANG Qian, LIN Xia. Preliminary study on wheat × maize induced haploid breeding technology in Northern Xinjiang[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(7): 6-11.

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