Abstract: To identify key regulatory techniques for the rejuvenation of degenerated lily (Lilium spp.) bulbs, degenerated lily bulbs were used as experimental materials. An orthogonal experimental design was employed to systematically investigate the effects of temperature regulation, plant growth regulators, and biological agents on bulb sprouting and subsequent growth, screening key technical combinations for promoting bulb rejuvenation from two stages (pre-sprouting treatment and cultivation management). The results showed that, during the pre-sprouting stage, the effects of the tested factors on bulb sprouting rate followed the decreasing order of temperature regime > plant growth regulator > biological agent. An appropriate variable-temperature treatment significantly increased the sprouting rate, treatment with 200 mg/L NAA markedly promoted sprouting, and treatments with Bacillus spp. and humic acid also showed good effects on sprouting. During the cultivation stage, the effects of the tested factors on bulb growth followed the decreasing order of biological agent > fertilization strategy > physical regulation. Biological agent treatments significantly increased the mean bulb diameter and circumference, while high-potassium fertilizer was beneficial for bulb enlargement. Comprehensive analysis indicated that a staged and synergistic management strategy combining temperature-dominated pre-sprouting treatment with cultivation regulation centered on biological agents and fertilization management significantly improved the growth quality of lily bulbs. Specifically, pre-planting treatment with 15 ℃ for 6 d followed by 5 ℃ for 28 d, combined with soaking in 200 mg/L NAA solution for 20 min, effectively promoted sprouting. During cultivation, bud removal combined with the application of high-potassium fertilizer and humic acid effectively promoted bulb enlargement and growth.

Key words: Lilium spp., degenerated bulb, bulb rejuvenation, temperature regulation, biological agents