湖北农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (21): 50-56.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.009

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

山东省果园土壤养分状况研究

高璐阳1,2, 马志明1, 房福力1, 武良1,2   

  1. 1.新洋丰农业科技股份有限公司/农业农村部作物专用肥料重点实验室,湖北 荆门 448000;
    2.山东新洋丰肥业有限公司,山东 菏泽 274000
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-29 出版日期:2022-11-10 发布日期:2022-12-10
  • 通讯作者: 武良(1981-),男,农艺师,博士,主要从事新型肥料研发及高效应用研究,(电子信箱)wuliang@yonfer.com。
  • 作者简介:高璐阳(1987-),男,山东菏泽人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事新型肥料研发及养分资源高效利用研究,(电话)010-56961619(电子信箱)gaoluyang81@126.com。

Study on soil nutrient status of orchard in Shandong Province

GAO Lu-yang1,2, MA Zhi-ming1, FANG Fu-li1, WU Liang1,2   

  1. 1. Xinyangfeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. /Key Laboratory of Special Fertilizers for Crops of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jingmen 448000, Hubei, China;
    2. Shandong Xinyangfeng Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Heze 274000, Shandong, China
  • Received:2021-09-29 Online:2022-11-10 Published:2022-12-10

摘要: 为了解山东省主要果园土壤养分状况,2018—2019年在山东省选取了248个代表性果园采集土壤样本,并对土壤pH、有机质及大、中、微量元素等进行定量分析。结果表明,山东省果园土壤pH变幅为4.08~8.89,平均为6.29,整体偏酸;58.34%果园土壤有机质含量少于10 g/kg,有机质含量极度匮乏;47.92%果园土壤氮素较缺乏;各果园速效磷、速效钾含量总体上较丰富;中量元素钙、镁和微量元素铁、锰、锌丰缺并存,有效铜含量丰富,而有效硼平均含量仅为0.48 mg/kg,55.89%果园土壤有效硼严重缺乏。山东省果园土壤限制因子主要为土壤偏酸化,有机质匮乏,有效锌、有效硼含量不足,因此生产上可施用生石灰、生物炭等物质,注重有机肥替代化肥、秸秆还田和腐殖酸肥料的应用,从而提高土壤pH和有机质,并可通过叶面喷施铁、锰、锌、硼肥等保证果树对微量元素的需求。

关键词: 果园土壤, pH, 有机质, 中量元素, 微量元素, 养分评价, 山东省

Abstract: In order to know the soil nutrient status of the major orchards in Shandong Province, 248 representative orchards were selected to collect soil samples from 2018 to 2019, and soil pH, organic matter, large elements, medium elements and trace elements were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the pH of orchard soil in Shandong Province varied from 4.08 to 8.89, with an average of 6.29, and the whole orchard soil was acidic. The content of organic matter was extremely poor, 58.34% of the orchard was generally less than 10 g/kg. 47.92% of orchard soil was deficient in nitrogen, and the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in all orchards was abundant. The contents of medium elements calcium, magnesium and trace elements iron, manganese and zinc were in a state of coexistence of abundantce and deficiency. The content of available copper was rich, while the average content of available boron was only 0.48 mg/kg, and 55.89% of the orchard soil was seriously deficient. The main limiting factors of orchard soil in Shandong Province were soil partial acidification, lack of organic matter and insufficient content of available zinc and boron. Therefore, quicklime, biochar and other substances could be applied in production, and organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer, straw returning and humic acid fertilizer application should be emphasized to improve soil pH and organic matter, and the method of foliar spraying iron, manganese, zinc and boron fertilizer could be applied to ensure the demand of fruit trees for trace elements.

Key words: orchard soil, pH, organic matter, medium element, trace element, nutrient evaluation, Shandong Province

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