赤霉素对植物种子萌发及幼苗生长影响的研究进展

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.22.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 赤霉素（Gibberellins,GAs）作为植物体内广泛存在的一类生长调节剂,参与调控植物种子萌发,下胚轴伸长,叶片伸展,花、果实及种子发育等诸多生理过程。大量研究表明,赤霉素在植物抵抗非生物胁迫中也发挥着重要作用,主要通过调节GAs的生物合成、信号转导及其生物活性,以提高植物对非生物胁迫的耐受性。系统综述了近年来外源赤霉素对植物种子萌发以及幼苗生长发育影响的相关研究,从种子萌发、生理生化特性、相关基因调控等方面进行了系统阐述,旨在为赤霉素在农作物生产中的利用提供参考依据。

关键词: 赤霉素, 种子萌发, 幼苗生理特性, 基因调控

Abstract: Gibberellin （Gibberellins, gas） as a kind of growth regulator widely existing in plants, are involved in the regulation of plant seed germination, hypocotyl extension, leaf extension, the development of the flower, fruit and seed and many other physiological processes. A large number of studies have shown that GAs also play an important role in plant resistance to abiotic stress by regulating the biosynthesis, signal transduction and biological activity of GAs, in order to improve the tolerance of plants to abiotic stress. The recent studies on the effect of exogenous gibberellins on seed germination and the growth and development of seedlings were systematically reviewed, mainly focusing on seed germination, physiological and biochemistry characteristics, and related gene regulation, and an important reference basis for the utilization of the gibberellin in the production of the crops was provided.

Key words: gibberellin, seed germination, seedling physiological characteristics, gene regulation

中图分类号:

Q945

杜晨曦, 王金丽, 周华坤, 殷恒霞. 赤霉素对植物种子萌发及幼苗生长影响的研究进展[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2019, 58(22): 9-14.

DU Chen-xi, WANG Jin-li, ZHOU Hua-kun, YIN Heng-xia. Research progress on the effects of gibberellin on plant seed germination and seedling growth[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2019, 58(22): 9-14.

参考文献 73

[1]	OGAWA M,HANADA A,YAMAUCHI Y,et al.Gibberellin biosynthesis and response during Arabidopsis seed germination[J].Plant cell,2003,15(7):1591-1604.
[2]	CHENG H,QIN L,LEE S,et al.Gibberellin regulates Arabidopsis floral development via suppression of DELLA protein function[J].Development,2004,131(5):1055-1064.
[3]	潘瑞炽,王小菁,李娘辉.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2012.
[4]	YAMAGUCHI S.Gibberellin metabolism and its regulation[J].Annu Rev Plant Biol,2008,59:225-251.
[5]	HELLIWELL C A,CHANDLER P M,POOLE A,et al.The CYP88A cytochrome P450,ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase,catalyzes three steps of the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway[J].Proceedings of the national academy of sciences,2001,98(4):2065-2070.
[6]	HELLIWELL C A,SULLIVAN J A,MOULD R M,et al.A plastid envelope location of Arabidopsis ent-kaurene oxidase links the plastid and endoplasmic reticulum steps of the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway[J].The plant journal,2001,28(2):201-208.
[7]	SUN T P,KAMIYA Y.The Arabidopsis GA1 locus encodes the cyclase ent-kaurene synthetase a of gibberellin biosynthesis[J].The plant cell,1994,6(10):1509-1518.
[8]	APPLEFORD N E J,EVANS D J,LENTON J R,et al. Function and transcript analysis of gibberellin-biosynthetic enzymes in wheat[J].Planta,2006,223(3):568-582.
[9]	蔡斌华,庄维兵,高志红,等.赤霉素解除木本植物季节性休眠机制的研究进展[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(10):2145-2152.
[10]	李保珠,赵翔,安国勇.赤霉素的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(1):1-5.
[11]	李冬玲,段红霞,刘鸿晨,等.赤霉素及其功能类似物与赤霉素受体的研究进展[J].农药学学报,2013,15(6):601-608.
[12]	KOUAKOU K L,KOUAKOU C,KOFFI K K,et al.Effect of mechanical scarification and gibberellins (GA3) on seed germination and growth of Garcinia kola (Heckel)[J].Journal of applied biosciences,2016,103(1):9811-9818.
[13]	张会灵,余义和,郭大龙,等.赤霉素对萝卜种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(15):31-33.
[14]	DESAI A,PANCHAL B,TRIVEDI A,et al.Studies on seed germination and seedling growth of papaya (Carica papaya L.) CV. madhubindu as influenced by media,GA3 and cow urine under net house condition[J].Journal of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry,2017,6(4):1448-1451.
[15]	郭晔红,蔺海明.赤霉素和细胞激动素对白刺种子萌发的调控研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(6):1196-1199.
[16]	王永红,苏李,张艳红.层积处理及赤霉素浸种对大叶芹种子萌发的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2018,57(1):71-73.
[17]	韦妍,李萍,田婵,等.不同浓度赤霉素浸种对刺蒺藜种子萌发特性的影响[J].延安大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(1):84-87,91.
[18]	付远洪,钱沉鱼,李朝婵,等.不同浓度赤霉素对伴娘山月桂种子萌发的影响[J].种子,2017,36(2):5-8.
[19]	ADAMS R P,TEBEEST A K.The effects of gibberellic acid (GA3),ethrel, seed soaking and pre-treatment storage temperatures on seed germination of Helianthus annuus and H. petiolaris[J].Phytologia,2016,98:213-218.
[20]	赵东兴,李春,李涛,等.4种植物生长调节剂对马槟榔种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(10):1834-1838.
[21]	申惠翡,赵冰,黄文梅.温度和赤霉素对金背杜鹃种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(6):281-283.
[22]	INADA S,SHIMMEN T.Regulation of elongation growth by gibberellin in root segments of Lemna minor[J].Plant and cell physiology,2000,41(8):932-939.
[23]	UBEDA-TOMÁS S,FEDERICI F,CASIMIRO I,et al. Gibberellin signaling in the endodermis controls Arabidopsis root meristem size[J].Current biology,2009,19(14):1194-1199.
[24]	钟希琼,王惠珍.高等植物赤霉素生物合成及其调节研究进展[J].植物学通报,2001,18(3):303-307.
[25]	崔爽. 外源赤霉素(GA3)对羊草生长发育及生物量的影响[D].长春:东北师范大学,2004.
[26]	ALI M A,HOSSAIN M M,ZAKARIA M,et al.Effect of GA3 on quality seed production of onion in bangladesh[J].Ecofriendly agricultural journal,2015,8(3):47-50.
[27]	江雪. 外源赤霉素对毛竹实生苗生长的影响[D].南京:南京林业大学,2015.
[28]	李品荣,陈强,常恩福,等.李子丰产栽培技术研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2003(1):130-132.
[29]	KUCHLAN P,KUCHLAN M K,HUSAIN S M.Effect of foliar application of growth activator,promoter and antioxidant on seed quality of soybean[J].Legume Res,2017,40(2):313-318.
[30]	DILIP W S,SINGH D,MOHARANA D,et al.Influence of gibberellic acid(GA3) on seed germination and seedling growth of Kagzi Lime[J].Journal of scientific agriculture,2018,1:62-68.
[31]	徐小玉,张凤银,曹阳.赤霉素和乙烯利对美女樱种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].种子,2014,33(6):72-74.
[32]	RAHEMI M,BANINASAB A.Effect of gibberellic acid on seedling growth in two wild species of pistachio[J].The Journal of horticultural science and biotechnology,2000,75(3):336-339.
[33]	FOYER C H,DESCOURVIERES P,KUNERT K J.Protection against oxygen radicals:An important defense mechanism studied in transgenic plants[J].Plant, cell & environment,1994,17(5):507-523.
[34]	李璇,岳红,王升,等.影响植物抗氧化酶活性的因素及其研究热点和现状[J].中国中药杂志,2013,38(7):973-978.
[35]	DHINDSA R S,PLUMB-DHINDSA P L,REID D M. Leaf senescence and lipid peroxidation: Effects of some phytohormones,and scavengers of free radicals and singlet oxygen[J].Physiologia plantarum,1982,56(4):453-457.
[36]	施园. 外源赤霉素对甜瓜幼苗建成与产量形成的影响[D].黑龙江大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2017.
[37]	张秀丽. 赤霉素和矮壮素对绿豆生育性状和生理指标及产量的影响研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2007.
[38]	赵鑫,张继澍,王敏.CaCl2和GA3处理对枣果采后衰老和膜脂过氧化的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2003(2):118-120,124.
[39]	何丽,刘杰,何彩燕,等.不同浓度赤霉素对番茄种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].农业科技与信息,2018(4):43-45.
[40]	DAI H P, WEI S H,TWARDOWSKA I,et al.Hyperaccumulating potential of Bidens pilosa L. for Cd and elucidation of its translocation behaviorbased on cell membrane permeability[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2017,24:23161-23167.
[41]	MATSUKURA C,ITOH S,NEMOTO K,et al.Promotion of leaf sheath growth by gibberellic acid in a dwarf mutant of rice[J].Planta,1998,205(2):145-152.
[42]	邹竣竹. 激素浸种对野牛草种子发芽与幼苗生长生理的影响[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2017.
[43]	刘春冬,傅建卿,陈汝顶.赤霉素对东魁杨梅花芽分化期生理特性的影响[J].南方园艺,2013,24(1):13-14,18.
[44]	AFTAB T,KHAN M M A,IDREES M,et al. Stimulation of crop productivity, photosynthesis and artemisinin production in Artemisia annua L. by triacontanol and gibberellic acid application[J].Journal of plant interactions,2010,5(4):273-281.
[45]	RAMTEKE V,PAITHANKAR D H,BAGHEL M M,et al.Impact of GA3 and propagation media on growth rate and leaf chlorophyll content of papaya seedlings[J].Research journal of agricultural sciences,2016,7(1):169-171.
[46]	曹柳青. 赤霉素对冬枣光合作用和内源激素的影响[D].河北保定:河北农业大学,2006.
[47]	SKUTNIK E,RABIZA J,WACHOWICZ M,et al.Senescence of cut leaves of Zantedeschia aethiopica and Z. elliottiana. part I. chlorophyll degradation[J].Acta Sci Pol,2004,3(2):57-65.
[48]	KHADER S,SINGH B P,KHAN S A.Effect of GA3 as a post-harvest treatment of mango fruit on ripening,amylase and peroxidase activity and quality during storage[J].Scientia horticulturae,1988,36(3-4):261-266.
[49]	RUBIO V,BUSTOS R,IRIGOYEN M L,et al.Plant hormones and nutrient signaling[J].Plant molecular biology,2009,69(4):361-373.
[50]	BRADFORD K J,NONOGAKI H.Seed development,dormancy and germination[M].Oxford:Blackwell publishing,2007.
[51]	TOYOMASU T,YAMANE H,MUROFUSHI N,et al.Effects of exogenously applied gibberellin and red light on the endogenous levels of abscisic acid in photoblastic lettuce seeds[J].Plant and cell physiology,1994,35(1):127-129.
[52]	方志荣,苏智先,胡进耀. 脱落酸、赤霉素和乙烯对种子休眠的萌发和调控[J].西华师范大学学报(自然科学版),2007,28(2):127-132.
[53]	王宁,梅海军,袁美丽,等.赤霉素浸种和变温层积过程对冬青种子激素含量的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2010,44(5):524-527.
[54]	吴建明,李杨瑞,杨柳,等.赤霉素诱导甘蔗节间伸长与内源激素变化的关系[J].热带作物学报,2009,30(10):1452-1457.
[55]	曹柳青. 外源赤霉素对冬枣叶片内源生长调节剂含量的影响[J].南方农业,2015,9(21):193-194.
[56]	郑顺林,袁继超,马均,等.外源赤霉素对小整薯休眠解除中的激素变化及物质转化的影响[J].西南农业学报,2008,21(2):323-327.
[57]	LIU Y,DING Y F,WANG Q S,et al.Effect of plant growth regulators on growth of rice tiller bud and changes of endogenous[J].Acta agronomica sinica,2011,37(4):670-676.
[58]	UEGUCHI-TANAKA M,ASHIKARI M,NAKAJIMA M,et al.GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 encodes a soluble receptor for gibberellin[J].Nature,2005,437(7059):693-698.
[59]	PENG J,CAROL P,RICHARDS D E,et al.The Arabidopsis GAI gene defines a signaling pathway that negatively regulates gibberellin responses[J].Genes & development,1997,11(23): 3194-3205.
[60]	MCGINNIS K M,THOMAS S G,SOULE J D,et al.The Arabidopsis SLEEPY1 gene encodes a putative F-box subunit of an SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase[J].Plant cell,2003,15(5):1120-1130.
[61]	MILLER J,GORDON C.The regulation of proteasome degradation by multi-ubiquitin chain binding proteins[J].FEBS letters,2005,579(15):3224-3230.
[62]	HARBERD N P,BELFIELD E,YASUMURA Y.The angiosperm gibberellin-GID1-DELLA growth regulatory mechanism:How an “inhibitor of an inhibitor” enables flexible response to fluctuating environments[J].Plant cell,2009,21(5):1328-1339.
[63]	SUN T P.The molecular mechanism and evolution of the GA-GID1-DELLA signaling module in plants[J].Current biology,2011,21(9):338-345.
[64]	SUN T.Gibberellin-GID1-DELLA:A pivotal regulatory module for plant growth and development[J].Plant physiology,2010, 154(2):567-570.
[65]	DILL A,THOMAS S G,HU J,et al.The Arabidopsis F-box protein SLEEPY1 targets gibberellin signaling repressors for gibberellin-induced degradation[J].Plant cell,2004,16(6):1392-1405.
[66]	GRIFFITHS J,MURASE K,RIEU I,et al.Genetic characterization and functional analysis of the GID1 gibberellin receptors in Arabidopsis[J].Plant cell,2006,18(12):3399-3414.
[67]	RINNE P L H,WELLING A,VAHALA J,et al. Chilling of dormant buds hyperinduces FLOWERING LOCUS T and recruits GA-inducible 1,3-β-glucanases to reopen signal conduits and release dormancy in Populus[J].Plant cell,2011,23(1):130-146.
[68]	李军,周涛,郑伟,等.外源GA3对太子参块根发育及赤霉素生物合成的调控[J].分子植物育种,2018,16(20):6867-6874.
[69]	ZHUANG W,GAO Z,WANG L,et al.Comparative proteomic and transcriptomic approaches to address the active role of GA4 in Japanese apricot flower bud dormancy release[J].Journal of experimental botany,2013,64(16):4953-4966.
[70]	UENO S,KLOPP C,LEPLÉ J C,et al.Transcriptional profiling of bud dormancy induction and release in oak by next-generation sequencing[J].BMC genomics,2013,14(1):236.
[71]	BARROS P M,GONÇALVES N,SAIBO N J M, et al. Cold acclimation and floral development in almond bud break:Insights into the regulatory pathways[J].Journal of experimental botany,2012,63(12):4585-4596.
[72]	GOCAL G F W,SHELDON C C,GUBLER F,et al. GAMYB-like genes,flowering,and gibberellin signaling in Arabidopsis[J].Plant physiology,2001,127(4):1682-1693.
[73]	魏志刚,钱婷婷,张凯旋,等.外源GA3对白桦成花基因影响的定量PCR分析[J].林业科学,2011,47(7):187-192.