混播绿肥压青下植烟土壤微生物量及酶活性特征

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.02.016

湖北农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (2): 88-93.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.02.016

混播绿肥压青下植烟土壤微生物量及酶活性特征

陈伟¹, 陈懿¹, 姜超英¹, 杨全柳¹, 卢贤仁¹, 蒋卫²

1.贵州省烟草科学研究院,贵阳 550081;
2.遵义市烟草公司播州区分公司,贵州遵义 563100

收稿日期:2023-01-10 出版日期:2024-02-25 发布日期:2024-03-14
通讯作者: 蒋卫,主要从事烟叶生产管理与技术推广工作,（电子信箱）2352544493@qq.com。
作者简介:陈伟（1973-）,男,四川武胜人,研究员,主要从事烤烟栽培与生理生化研究,（电话）15885085398（电子信箱）chenwei7309@163.com。
基金资助:
中国烟草总公司贵州省公司重点项目（2021XM06; 2020XM06; 201805）

Characteristics of microbial quantity and enzyme activity in tobacco planting soil under application of mixed seeding green manure

CHEN Wei¹, CHEN Yi¹, JIANG Chao-ying¹, YANG Quan-liu¹, LU Xian-ren¹, JIANG Wei²

1. Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, China;
2. Bozhou Branch of Zunyi Tobacco Company, Zunyi 563100, Guizhou, China

Received:2023-01-10 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-03-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨混播绿肥压青对植烟土壤微生物量及土壤酶活性的影响,采用小区定位试验设计,设置不种植绿肥（对照）、单播黑麦草（Lolium perenne）、单播光叶紫花苕（Vicia villosa var. glabrescens）、混播黑麦草和光叶紫花苕（混播绿肥压青）4个处理,连续定位2年后分析土壤微生物数量和酶活性。结果表明,混播绿肥压青土壤的细菌总数和硝化细菌数量分别是对照的2.25~3.62倍和1.60~3.11倍,是单播黑麦草的1.31~1.76倍和1.43~2.92倍,是单播光叶紫花苕的1.25~1.88倍和1.08~1.27倍;混播绿肥压青土壤的放线菌和真菌数量大田前期分别为单播绿肥的1.13~2.00倍和1.02~1.93倍,大田中后期均低于单播绿肥;大田后期土壤氨化细菌数量各处理间差异均不显著。烟株不同生育时期混播绿肥压青土壤的过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶和纤维素酶的活性均显著高于对照（P<0.05）,也均不同程度地高于单播黑麦草和单播光叶紫花苕。由此可知,混播绿肥压青有利于改善植烟土壤的微生态环境,可作为植烟土壤保育技术模式。

关键词: 植烟土壤, 混播绿肥, 土壤微生物, 土壤酶活性

Abstract: In order to study effects of the mixed seeding green manure application on the microbial count and enzyme activity of tobacco planting soil, a site-specific field experiment was conducted by performing no green manure（control）, Lolium perenne monocropping, Vicia villosa var. glabrescens monocropping, and Lolium perenne and Vicia villosa var. glabrescens mixture （application of mixed seeding green manure）. The microbial quantity and enzyme activities of soil were analyzed after the consecutive 2-year test. The results indicated that the total number of bacteria and nitrifying bacteria in soil under application of mixed green manure were 2.25~3.62 times and 1.60~3.11 times as the control, 1.31~1.76 times and 1.43~2.92 times as Lolium perenne monocropping, 1.25~1.88 times and 1.08~1.27 times as Vicia villosa var. glabrescens monocropping. The numbers of actinomyces and fungi in soil under application of mixed green manure were 1.13~2.00 times and 1.02~1.93 times as green manure monocropping at the early stage of the tobacco planting field, respectively, and lower than those of the green manure monocropping at the later stage of the tobacco planting field. There was no significant difference in the number of ammonifying bacteria in the soil among the treatments at the middle and later stage of the tobacco planting field. The activities of soil catalase, sucrase, urease, acid phosphatase and cellulase in the soil under application of the mixed green manure at different growth stages were significantly higher than those of the control, and also higher than those of Lolium perenne monocropping and Vicia villosa var. glabrescens monocropping. It could be seen that mixed seeding green manure application was beneficial to improve the micro-ecological environment of tobacco planting soil and could be used as a technical model for tobacco planting soil conservation.

Key words: tobacco-planting soil, mixed seeding green manure, soil microorganism, soil enzyme activity

中图分类号:

陈伟, 陈懿, 姜超英, 杨全柳, 卢贤仁, 蒋卫. 混播绿肥压青下植烟土壤微生物量及酶活性特征[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2024, 63(2): 88-93.

CHEN Wei, CHEN Yi, JIANG Chao-ying, YANG Quan-liu, LU Xian-ren, JIANG Wei. Characteristics of microbial quantity and enzyme activity in tobacco planting soil under application of mixed seeding green manure[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2024, 63(2): 88-93.

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混播绿肥压青下植烟土壤微生物量及酶活性特征

Characteristics of microbial quantity and enzyme activity in tobacco planting soil under application of mixed seeding green manure

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