湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (3): 150-156.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.03.024

• 药用植物 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同海拔与施肥量对烟后轮作红花产量和品质的影响

单奎1, 周敏2a, 杨景华2a, 石源1, 李航1, 陈西垚1, 杨睿1, 张岚清1, 李宏图3, 邹炳礼2a, 胡学礼2b, 周绍松2a   

  1. 1.云南省烟草公司大理州公司南涧县分公司,云南 南涧 675700;
    2.云南省农业科学院,a.农业环境资源研究所;b.经济作物研究所,昆明 650205;
    3.云南省烟草公司大理州公司巍山县分公司,云南 巍山 672400
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-11 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-09
  • 通讯作者: 周绍松(1974-),男,研究员,硕士,主要从事植物营养与肥料研究,(电子信箱)375946547@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:单 奎(1978-),男,云南祥云人,助理农艺师,主要从事烟草栽培技术研究,(电子信箱)312685000@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    云南省烟草公司大理州公司科技项目(DLYC2023002)

Impacts of altitude and fertilization on yield and quality of safflower rotated after flue-cured tobacco

SHAN Kui1, ZHOU Min2a, YANG Jing-hua2a, SHI Yuan1, LI Hang1, CHEN Xi-yao1, YANG Rui1, ZHANG Lan-qing1, LI Hong-tu3, ZOU Bing-li2a, HU Xue-li2b, ZHOU Shao-song2a   

  1. 1. Nanjian Branch Company, Dali Prefectural Company, Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company, Nanjian 675700, Yunnan, China;
    2a. Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources; 2b. Institute of Economic Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China;
    3. Weishan Branch Company, Dali Prefectural Company, Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company, Weishan 672400, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2025-11-11 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-04-09

摘要: 为了探究烟后轮作红花(Carthamus tinctorious L.)的适宜海拔和施肥量,在海拔1 590 m和1 972 m设置田间小区试验,设计4个施肥处理:T1(CK),不施肥;T2,施用复合肥250.05 kg/hm2(折合纯养分施用量为N 30.0 kg/hm2、P2O5 30.0 kg/hm2、K2O 60.0 kg/hm2);T3,施用复合肥499.95 kg/hm2(折合纯养分施用量为N 60.0 kg/hm2,P2O5 60.0 kg/hm2,K2O 120.0 kg/hm2);T4,施用复合肥750.00 kg/hm2(折合纯养分施用量为N 90.0 kg/hm2,P2O5 90.0 kg/hm2,K2O 180.0 kg/hm2)。研究不同海拔和施肥量对红花农艺性状、产量和品质的影响及其相关性。结果表明,在海拔1 590 m和1 972 m,红花干花瓣产量最高的均为T2;而羟基红花黄色素A含量最高的均为T4。综合考虑肥料成本、红花干花瓣产量与羟基红花黄色素A含量,在中等肥力烟田,海拔1 590 m左右种植红花的经济施肥量为T1(不施肥);海拔1 972 m左右种植红花的经济施肥量为T2。

关键词: 红花(Carthamus tinctorius L.), 海拔, 施肥量, 产量, 羟基红花黄色素A, 农艺性状

Abstract: To investigate the optimal altitude and fertilization rate for safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in post-flue-cured-tobacco crop rotation, field plot experiments were conducted at altitudes of 1 590 m and 1 972 m. Four fertilization treatments were designed: T1 (CK), no fertilizer; T2, application of compound fertilizer at 250.05 kg/hm2 (equivalent to pure nutrient application rates of N 30.0 kg/hm2, P2O5 30.0 kg/hm2, and K2O 60.0 kg/hm2); T3, application of compound fertilizer at 499.95 kg/hm2 (equivalent to pure nutrient application rates of N 60.0 kg/hm2, P2O5 60.0 kg/hm2, and K2O 120.0 kg/hm2); T4, application of compound fertilizer at 750.00 kg/hm2 (equivalent to pure nutrient application rates of N 90.0 kg/hm2, P2O5 90.0 kg/hm2, and K2O 180.0 kg/hm2). The effects of different altitudes and fertilization rates on the agronomic traits, yield, and quality of safflower and their correlations were studied. The results showed that at both 1 590 m and 1 972 m altitude, the T2 produced the highest dry petal yield, while the T4 produced the highest hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) content. Taking fertilizer cost, dry petal yield, and HSYA content into comprehensive consideration, the economically optimal fertilization rate for safflower cultivated in moderately fertile former tobacco fields was the T1 (no fertilizer) at around 1 590 m altitude, and the T2 at around 1 972 m altitude.

Key words: safflower(Carthamus tinctorious L), altitude, fertilization rate, yield, hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), agronomic traits

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