长江中游地区再生稻品种丰产性和稻米品质分析

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.06.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过大田试验,评价了15个两系杂交稻和15个三系杂交稻品种的头季、再生季产量表现和稻米品质,旨在明确高产规律、筛选适合长江中游地区的高产优质品种。结果表明,两系杂交稻头季和再生季产量比三系杂交稻分别高2.2%和10.1%,后者千粒重与有效穗数呈显著负相关可能是其产量较低的重要原因。头季产量以甬优4949最高（9.75 t/hm²）,再生季产量以玮两优6018最高（5.17 t/hm²）,周年产量高于对照的品种包括玮两优6018、亚两优美香新占、甬优4949、荆香优72、E两优36和玮两优8612。通过对周年产量进行聚类分析可知,周年高产品种包括玮两优6018、亚两优美香新占和甬优4949。稻米品质分析显示,头季稻米垩白度和垩白粒率明显高于再生季稻米,这是限制其品质的重要因素;两系杂交稻品种垩白粒率和垩白度两季均略高于三系杂交稻品种。稻米品质的聚类分析显示,高品质品种包括楚丰优郢香丝苗、箴两优荃晶丝苗、箴两优郢香丝苗、荃优822、隆晶优4013、深两优粤禾丝苗、Y两优130等。

关键词: 再生稻, 品种筛选, 稻米品质, 优质, 丰产性, 长江中游地区

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the yield performance and rice quality of 15 two-line hybrid rice varieties and 15 three-line hybrid rice varieties in the main season and ratoon season, in order to clarify the high yield law and screen high yield and high quality varieties suitable for the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The results showed that the yield of the two-line hybrid rice was 2.2% and 10.1% higher than that of the three-line hybrid rice in the main season and the ratoon season, respectively. The significant negative correlation between the 1 000-grain weight and the effective panicles of the ratoon season might be an important reason for its lower yield. The yield of Yongyou 4949 was the highest (9.75 t/hm²) in the main season, and that of Weiliangyou 6018 was the highest (5.17 t/hm²) in the ratoon season. The varieties with higher annual yield than the control included Weiliangyou 6018, Yaliangyou Meixiangxinzhan, Yongyou 4949, Jingxiangyou 72, E Liangyou 36, and Weiliangyou 8612. Through the cluster analysis of annual yield, the varieties with annual high yield included Weiliangyou 6018, Yaliangyou Meixiangxinzhan and Yongyou 4949. The analysis of rice quality showed that the chalkiness degree and chalkiness grain rate of the main season rice were significantly higher than those of the ratoon season rice, which was an important factor limiting its quality. The chalkiness grain rate and chalkiness degree of the two-line hybrid rice varieties were slightly higher than those of the three-line hybrid rice varieties. Cluster analysis of rice quality showed that high-quality varieties included Chufengyou Yingxiangsimiao, Zhenliangyou Quanjingsimiao, Zhenliangyou Yingxiangsimiao, Quanyou 822, Longjingyou 4013, Shenliangyou Yuehesimiao, Y Liangyou 130, etc.

Key words: ratoon rice, variety screening, grain quality, superior quality, high yield, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River

中图分类号:

S511

李阳, 田茂涛, 张作林, 汪本福, 张枝盛, 谢艺, 程建平. 长江中游地区再生稻品种丰产性和稻米品质分析[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(6): 1-8.

LI Yang, TIAN Mao-tao, ZHANG Zuo-lin, WANG Ben-fu, ZHANG Zhi-sheng, XIE Yi, CHENG Jian-ping. Analysis of high yield and rice quality of ratooning rice varieties in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(6): 1-8.

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