湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (9): 17-23.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.09.004

• 育种·栽培 • 上一篇    下一篇

强优势玉米杂交种郧单26的选育、应用潜力评价及低耗高效栽培技术

余长平, 何亚慧, 周刚, 彭家清, 陈光勇, 唐余成, 杨虎, 陈强, 闫香凝, 李玉露   

  1. 十堰市农业科学院/生物育种十堰市重点实验室,湖北 十堰 442000
  • 收稿日期:2026-06-26 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-09-17
  • 通讯作者: 周刚(1975-),男,正高级农艺师,主要从事玉米育种、区试、栽培技术研究及示范推广工作,(电子信箱)syymzg@126.com。
  • 作者简介:余长平(1983-),男,湖北十堰人,高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事玉米新品种选育及相关配套栽培技术研究及推广工作,(电子信箱)787640300@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省玉米工程技术研究中心平台建设项目(2018ZYYD022)

Breeding, application potential evaluation and low-consumption and high-efficiency cultivation techniques of strong heterosis maize hybrid Yundan 26

YU Chang-ping, HE Ya-hui, ZHOU Gang, PENG Jia-qing, CHEN Guang-yong, TANG Yu-cheng, YANG Hu, CHEN Qiang, YAN Xiang-ning, LI Yu-lu   

  1. Shiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shiyan Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
  • Received:2026-06-26 Published:2026-09-25 Online:2026-09-17

摘要: 郧单26是以自交系YML118为母本、DSQ4为父本育成的玉米(Zea mays L.)新品种。为了解郧单26的品种特性和推广应用潜力,基于2021—2022年湖北省山区组玉米区域试验及生产试验数据,利用产量平均值、变异系数、高稳系数、适应性参数和回归系数等参数,结合农艺性状、抗逆性状及籽粒性状对郧单26进行评价分析。结果表明,在2年区域试验和生产试验中郧单26的产量分别为 10 125.3 kg/hm2 和10 749.0 kg/hm2,比对照华玉11分别增产7.6%和 9.6%,郧单26的丰产性显著优于对照品种华玉11,增产潜力较高。2年区域试验中,郧单26产量变异系数略高于对照;高稳系数均高于对照;适应性参数2年都趋近于1;回归系数分别为1.27、0.94,平均值略大于1且高于对照。综合来看,郧单26属于丰产、稳产且对环境适应性好的品种。采用两因素裂区设计,以氮肥施肥量为主区因素,密度处理为副区因素,研究2个因素对郧单26产量及农艺性状的影响。结果表明 ,适当密度和氮肥组合对玉米增产有显著效果,在湖北省宜昌市兴山县及类似生态地区郧单26的适宜种植密度为5.25万株/hm2、适宜尿素追施量为337.5 kg/hm2(苗肥∶穗肥=1∶2),此组合可充分发挥其产量潜力,单产达14 948 kg/hm2

关键词: 玉米(Zea mays L.), 强优势杂交种, 郧单26, 选育, 应用潜力, 栽培技术

Abstract: Yundan26 is a new maize hybrid bred with inbred line YML118 as the female parent and DSQ4 as the male parent. To clarify the varietal characteristics and popularization potential of Yundan 26, multi-parameters evaluations including mean yield, coefficient of variation, high-stability coefficient, adaptability parameter and regression coefficient were carried out based on the data of mountain-group regional trials and production trials of maize in Hubei Province during 2021-2022. Agronomic traits, stress resistance and kernel traits were comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that the grain yields of Yundan 26 reached 10 125.3 kg/hm2 and 10 749.0 kg/hm2 in the two-year regional trials and production trials, increasing by 7.6% and 9.6% compared with the control cultivar Huayu 11, respectively. Yundan 26 exhibited significantly better yield potential than the control, with high potential for increased production. In the two-year regional trials, the coefficient of variation for grain yield of Yundan 26 was slightly higher than that of the control, while its high-stability coefficients were greater. The adaptability parameters were close to 1 in both years, and the regression coefficients were 1.27 and 0.94, with an average value slightly higher than 1 and superior to the control. Comprehensive analysis indicated that Yundan 26 was a high-yielding, stable-yielding variety with favorable environmental adaptability. A two-factor split-plot design was adopted, with nitrogen application rate as the main-plot factor and planting density as the subplot factor to investigate their effects on grain yield and agronomic traits of Yundan 26. The results demonstrated that the rational combination of planting density and nitrogen fertilizer significantly improved maize yield. In Xingshan County of Yichang City, Hubei Province and similar ecological zones, the optimal planting density for Yundan 26 was 52 500 plants/hm2, and the suitable topdressing rate of urea was 337.5 kg/hm2 (seedling fertilizer∶panicle fertilizer = 1∶2). This combination maximized yield potential, achieving a grain yield of 14 948 kg/hm2.

Key words: maize (Zea mays L.), strong heterosis hybrid, Yundan 26, breeding, application potential, cultivation technique

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