湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (5): 17-25.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.05.004

• 育种·栽培 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮钾配施对遮阴条件下甘薯生长及产量的影响

柴沙沙1, 翟红2, 张萌1, 王连军1, 雷剑1, 靳晓杰1, 徐军乐3, 杨新笋1   

  1. 1.湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,武汉 430064;
    2.中国农业大学,北京 100193;
    3.红安县农业特色产业发展中心,湖北 红安 438401
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-25 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 杨新笋,研究员,主要从事甘薯分子育种研究,(电子信箱)xinsuny013@163.com。
  • 作者简介:柴沙沙(1987-),女,山东高青人,副研究员,主要从事甘薯贮藏保鲜研究,(电子信箱)chaishasha2008@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发项目(2024YFD2301000); 国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-10,甘薯),湖北省支持种业高质量发展资金项目(HBZY2023B002); 薯类产业支撑技术研究与示范项目(2024-620-000-001-005 )

Effects of nitrogen and potassium combined application on growth and yield of sweet potato under shading conditions

CHAI Sha-sha1, ZHAI Hong2, ZHANG Meng1, WANG Lian-jun1, LEI Jian1, JIN Xiao-jie1, XU Jun-le3, YANG Xin-sun1   

  1. 1. Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
    2. China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    3. Hong'an County Agricultural Specialty Industry Development Center, Hong'an 438401, Hubei, China
  • Received:2026-03-25 Published:2026-05-25 Online:2026-05-26

摘要: 为探究氮钾配施对遮阴条件下甘薯[Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]生长及产量的影响,以长蔓型品种G8017和短蔓型品种G8507为材料,设置4种氮钾配比处理[CK,空白对照;C1,低氮低钾(尿素75 kg/hm2+硫酸钾150 kg/hm2);C2,高氮低钾(尿素300 kg/hm2+硫酸钾150 kg/hm2);C3,高氮高钾(尿素300 kg/hm2+硫酸钾600 kg/hm2)],于50%遮阴环境下进行盆栽试验,测定农艺性状、光合特性及产量等指标。结果表明,C2显著促进甘薯蔓长增加;C3在茎粗、分枝数、块根干物重及产量方面表现最优,且有效提高了叶绿素含量、净光合速率及抗氧化酶活性。相关性分析显示,2个品种的块根产量与分枝数、茎粗、地上部干物重、块茎干物重均呈显著正相关,与蔓长和T/R(地上部干物重与块根干物重的比值)则均呈负相关。综上,C3(高氮高钾)为中度遮阴条件下甘薯栽培的适宜施肥策略。

关键词: 甘薯[Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.], 遮阴, 氮钾配比, 光合特性, 产量

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of nitrogen and potassium combined application on the growth and yield of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] under shading conditions, the long-vine variety G8017 and the short-vine variety G8507 were used as materials, and four nitrogen and potassium ratios were set up [CK: blank control; C1: low nitrogen and low potassium (urea 75 kg/hm2 + potassium sulfate 150 kg/hm2); C2: high nitrogen and low potassium (urea 300 kg/hm2 + potassium sulfate 150 kg/hm2); C3: high nitrogen and high potassium (urea 300 kg/hm2 + potassium sulfate 600 kg/hm2)]. The pot experiment was carried out under 50% shading environment, and the agronomic traits, photosynthetic characteristics and yield were measured. The results showed that C2 significantly promoted the increase of vine length. C3 showed the best performance in stem diameter, branch number, root dry weight and yield, and effecitively increased chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and antioxidant enzyme activity. Correlation analysis showed that the root yield of the two varieties was significantly positively correlated with the number of branches, stem diameter, dry matter weight above ground and dry matter weight of tubers, and negatively correlated with vine length and T/R(the ratio of shoot dry weight to root dry weight). In summary, C3 (high nitrogen and high potassium) was a suitable fertilization strategy for sweet potato cultivation under moderate shading conditions.

Key words: sweet potato[Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.], shading, nitrogen-potassium ratio, photosynthetic characteristics, yield

中图分类号: